{"id":46380,"date":"2026-11-13T19:50:47","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T18:50:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/gyorgy-ligeti\/"},"modified":"2026-11-13T19:50:54","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T18:50:54","slug":"gyorgy-ligeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/gyorgy-ligeti\/","title":{"rendered":"Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti_(1984).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti (1923-2006), l\u2019explorateur des mondes sonores<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti est l\u2019un des compositeurs les plus inventifs de la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XXe si\u00e8cle. Rescap\u00e9 de la Shoah, exil\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution hongroise de 1956, il a cr\u00e9\u00e9 des textures sonores fascinantes, comme dans <em>Atmosph\u00e8res<\/em>, que Stanley Kubrick a rendues c\u00e9l\u00e8bres dans <em>2001, l\u2019Odyss\u00e9e de l\u2019espace<\/em>. Ses <em>\u00c9tudes<\/em> pour piano sont parmi les plus importantes depuis Debussy.<\/p>\n<h3>Une jeunesse en Transylvanie<\/h3>\n<p>Gy\u00f6rgy S\u00e1ndor Ligeti na\u00eet le 28 mai 1923 \u00e0 Dics\u0151szentm\u00e1rton (T\u00e2rn\u0103veni), en Transylvanie, alors en Roumanie, dans une famille juive hongroise. Il \u00e9tudie au conservatoire de Kolozsv\u00e1r (Cluj). Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il est envoy\u00e9 dans un camp de travail forc\u00e9 ; son p\u00e8re et son fr\u00e8re meurent dans les camps de concentration nazis.<\/p>\n<h3>Budapest sous le communisme<\/h3>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s la guerre, il \u00e9tudie puis enseigne \u00e0 l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie de musique de Budapest. Sous le r\u00e9gime communiste, les \u0153uvres modernes sont interdites ; il compose dans un style inspir\u00e9 de Bart\u00f3k et des musiques populaires, et \u00e9coute en cachette les radios occidentales.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u2019exil (1956)<\/h3>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9crasement de la r\u00e9volution hongroise par l\u2019arm\u00e9e sovi\u00e9tique, en 1956, il fuit \u00e0 pied vers l\u2019Autriche avec sa femme. Il s\u2019installe \u00e0 Vienne, puis travaille au studio de musique \u00e9lectronique de Cologne, o\u00f9 il rencontre Stockhausen et l\u2019avant-garde occidentale.<\/p>\n<h3>Atmosph\u00e8res et 2001<\/h3>\n<p>En 1961, <em>Atmosph\u00e8res<\/em>, pour grand orchestre, fait sensation : la m\u00e9lodie et le rythme y disparaissent au profit de vastes nappes sonores en lente transformation. Stanley Kubrick utilise cette \u0153uvre, avec <em>Lux aeterna<\/em> et le <em>Requiem<\/em>, dans son film <em>2001, l\u2019Odyss\u00e9e de l\u2019espace<\/em> (1968), sans en avoir demand\u00e9 l\u2019autorisation, ce qui rend Ligeti c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aupr\u00e8s du grand public.<\/p>\n<h3>Le Grand Macabre et les \u00c9tudes<\/h3>\n<p>En 1978, il compose son unique op\u00e9ra, <em>Le Grand Macabre<\/em>, farce apocalyptique. Professeur \u00e0 Hambourg, il s\u2019int\u00e9resse aux polyrythmies africaines, aux fractales et \u00e0 la musique de Conlon Nancarrow. Ses dix-huit <em>\u00c9tudes pour piano<\/em> (1985-2001), d\u2019une virtuosit\u00e9 inou\u00efe, sont devenues des classiques du r\u00e9pertoire.<\/p>\n<h3>Fin de vie<\/h3>\n<p>Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti meurt \u00e0 Vienne le 12 juin 2006. Il a aussi compos\u00e9 son c\u00e9l\u00e8bre <em>Po\u00e8me symphonique pour cent m\u00e9tronomes<\/em> et des concertos pour violon, piano et violoncelle. Il reste l\u2019un des grands cr\u00e9ateurs de son si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n<h3>Rep\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1923<\/strong> \u2014 Naissance \u00e0 Dics\u0151szentm\u00e1rton, le 28 mai.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1956<\/strong> \u2014 Exil en Autriche.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1961<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Atmosph\u00e8res<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1968<\/strong> \u2014 Sa musique dans <em>2001, l\u2019Odyss\u00e9e de l\u2019espace<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1978<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Le Grand Macabre<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1985-2001<\/strong> \u2014 <em>\u00c9tudes pour piano<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>2006<\/strong> \u2014 Mort \u00e0 Vienne, le 12 juin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>En vid\u00e9o<\/h3>\n<style>.opa-vgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,440px),1fr));gap:22px;margin:1.4em 0 2.4em;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1150px,94vw)}.opa-vgrid>br{display:none}.opa-vbx{margin:0}.opa-vbx-f{position:relative;display:block;padding-top:56.25%;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.28);background:#000}.opa-vbx-f iframe{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;border:0}.opa-vbx-f img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .5s,opacity .3s;opacity:.92}.opa-vbx-f:hover img{transform:scale(1.04);opacity:1}.opa-play{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;width:78px;height:54px;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);background:rgba(204,0,0,.92);border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.4)}.opa-play:after{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:31px;top:16px;border-style:solid;border-width:11px 0 11px 19px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff}.opa-vbx figcaption{font-size:.82em;line-height:1.45;text-align:center;margin-top:.6em;opacity:.85}<\/style>\n<p><script>(function(){if(window.opaYT)return;window.opaYT=1;document.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){var a=e.target.closest&&e.target.closest(\".opa-vbx-f[data-yt]\");if(!a)return;e.preventDefault();var f=document.createElement(\"iframe\");f.src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/\"+a.getAttribute(\"data-yt\")+\"?autoplay=1&rel=0\";f.setAttribute(\"allow\",\"autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; fullscreen\");f.setAttribute(\"allowfullscreen\",\"\");f.setAttribute(\"referrerpolicy\",\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\");a.innerHTML=\"\";a.appendChild(f);a.removeAttribute(\"data-yt\");a.removeAttribute(\"href\");});})();<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-vgrid\">\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"jUaPwTL5vL8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=jUaPwTL5vL8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/jUaPwTL5vL8\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Atmosph\u00e8res (France Musique)\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption><em>Atmosph\u00e8res<\/em> (France Musique)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"XHhZ2TzHlow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XHhZ2TzHlow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/XHhZ2TzHlow\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c9tudes pour piano\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption><em>\u00c9tudes pour piano<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti sur Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti (1923-2006), l\u2019explorateur des mondes sonores Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti est l\u2019un des compositeurs les plus inventifs de la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XXe si\u00e8cle. Rescap\u00e9 de la Shoah, exil\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution hongroise de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46381,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-46380","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/gyorgy-ligeti\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti (1923-2006), l\u2019explorateur des mondes sonores Gy\u00f6rgy Ligeti est l\u2019un des compositeurs les plus inventifs de la seconde moiti\u00e9 du XXe si\u00e8cle. 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