{"id":46200,"date":"2026-11-13T19:33:01","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T18:33:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/francis-poulenc\/"},"modified":"2026-11-13T19:36:59","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T18:36:59","slug":"francis-poulenc","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/francis-poulenc\/","title":{"rendered":"Francis Poulenc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Francis Poulenc et la claveciniste Wanda Landowska (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Francis_Poulenc_and_Wanda_Landowska.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Francis Poulenc (1899-1963), \u00ab moiti\u00e9 moine, moiti\u00e9 voyou \u00bb<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Francis Poulenc est l\u2019un des compositeurs fran\u00e7ais les plus attachants du XXe si\u00e8cle. Membre du Groupe des Six, il a su allier l\u2019insouciance et l\u2019humour parisiens \u00e0 une profonde spiritualit\u00e9, au point que le critique Claude Rostand l\u2019a d\u00e9crit comme \u00ab moiti\u00e9 moine, moiti\u00e9 voyou \u00bb. Ses m\u00e9lodies, sa musique de chambre, son <em>Gloria<\/em> et son op\u00e9ra <em>Dialogues des carm\u00e9lites<\/em> sont devenus des classiques.<\/p>\n<h3>Un enfant de la bourgeoisie parisienne<\/h3>\n<p>Francis Poulenc na\u00eet le 7 janvier 1899 \u00e0 Paris, dans une famille ais\u00e9e : son p\u00e8re dirige l\u2019entreprise chimique qui deviendra Rh\u00f4ne-Poulenc. Sa m\u00e8re, excellente pianiste, l\u2019initie \u00e0 la musique. Il \u00e9tudie le piano avec Ricardo Vi\u00f1es, ami de Debussy et de Ravel, et apprend la composition en grande partie seul.<\/p>\n<h3>Le Groupe des Six<\/h3>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale, il fait partie du Groupe des Six, avec Darius Milhaud, Arthur Honegger, Georges Auric, Louis Durey et Germaine Tailleferre, autour de Jean Cocteau et d\u2019Erik Satie. Ils pr\u00f4nent une musique simple, claire et pleine d\u2019humour. En 1924, son ballet <em>Les Biches<\/em> pour les Ballets russes triomphe.<\/p>\n<h3>La conversion de Rocamadour (1936)<\/h3>\n<p>En 1936, boulevers\u00e9 par la mort d\u2019un ami dans un accident, il se rend en p\u00e8lerinage au sanctuaire de Rocamadour, o\u00f9 il retrouve la foi catholique de son enfance. Il compose aussit\u00f4t les <em>Litanies \u00e0 la Vierge noire<\/em>, premi\u00e8re d\u2019une longue s\u00e9rie d\u2019\u0153uvres religieuses : <em>Messe en sol<\/em>, <em>Stabat Mater<\/em>, <em>Gloria<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3>Le m\u00e9lodiste<\/h3>\n<p>Poulenc est l\u2019un des plus grands compositeurs de m\u00e9lodies fran\u00e7aises, sur des po\u00e8mes d\u2019Apollinaire, d\u2019\u00c9luard ou de Max Jacob, qu\u2019il cr\u00e9e avec le baryton Pierre Bernac. Sa cantate <em>Figure humaine<\/em> (1943), sur des po\u00e8mes d\u2019\u00c9luard, est un hymne \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 \u00e9crit sous l\u2019Occupation.<\/p>\n<h3>Les Dialogues des carm\u00e9lites<\/h3>\n<p>En 1957, son op\u00e9ra <em>Dialogues des carm\u00e9lites<\/em>, sur un texte de Georges Bernanos, est cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 la Scala de Milan. L\u2019histoire des carm\u00e9lites de Compi\u00e8gne guillotin\u00e9es pendant la R\u00e9volution s\u2019ach\u00e8ve par une sc\u00e8ne finale bouleversante. Suivent <em>La Voix humaine<\/em> (1959), sur un texte de Cocteau, et le <em>Gloria<\/em> (1961).<\/p>\n<h3>Fin de vie<\/h3>\n<p>Ses derni\u00e8res \u0153uvres sont de merveilleuses sonates pour instruments \u00e0 vent : pour fl\u00fbte (1957), clarinette et hautbois. Francis Poulenc meurt subitement \u00e0 Paris le 30 janvier 1963. Sa musique, \u00e0 la fois l\u00e9g\u00e8re et profonde, reste l\u2019une des plus jou\u00e9es du r\u00e9pertoire fran\u00e7ais.<\/p>\n<h3>Rep\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1899<\/strong> \u2014 Naissance \u00e0 Paris, le 7 janvier.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1920<\/strong> \u2014 Le Groupe des Six.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1924<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Les Biches<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1936<\/strong> \u2014 P\u00e8lerinage \u00e0 Rocamadour ; <em>Litanies \u00e0 la Vierge noire<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1943<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Figure humaine<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1957<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Dialogues des carm\u00e9lites<\/em> ; <em>Sonate pour fl\u00fbte<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1961<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Gloria<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1963<\/strong> \u2014 Mort \u00e0 Paris, le 30 janvier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<style>.opa-audio{margin:.8em 0 1.4em}.opa-audio audio{width:100%}.opa-audio-cap{font-size:.78em;margin-top:.3em;opacity:.85}<\/style>\n<h3>En vid\u00e9o<\/h3>\n<style>.opa-vgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,440px),1fr));gap:22px;margin:1.4em 0 2.4em;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1150px,94vw)}.opa-vgrid>br{display:none}.opa-vbx{margin:0}.opa-vbx-f{position:relative;display:block;padding-top:56.25%;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.28);background:#000}.opa-vbx-f iframe{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;border:0}.opa-vbx-f img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .5s,opacity .3s;opacity:.92}.opa-vbx-f:hover img{transform:scale(1.04);opacity:1}.opa-play{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;width:78px;height:54px;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);background:rgba(204,0,0,.92);border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.4)}.opa-play:after{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:31px;top:16px;border-style:solid;border-width:11px 0 11px 19px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff}.opa-vbx figcaption{font-size:.82em;line-height:1.45;text-align:center;margin-top:.6em;opacity:.85}<\/style>\n<p><script>(function(){if(window.opaYT)return;window.opaYT=1;document.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){var a=e.target.closest&&e.target.closest(\".opa-vbx-f[data-yt]\");if(!a)return;e.preventDefault();var f=document.createElement(\"iframe\");f.src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/\"+a.getAttribute(\"data-yt\")+\"?autoplay=1&rel=0\";f.setAttribute(\"allow\",\"autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; fullscreen\");f.setAttribute(\"allowfullscreen\",\"\");f.setAttribute(\"referrerpolicy\",\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\");a.innerHTML=\"\";a.appendChild(f);a.removeAttribute(\"data-yt\");a.removeAttribute(\"href\");});})();<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-vgrid\">\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"2k3aVoY8A0I\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2k3aVoY8A0I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/2k3aVoY8A0I\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Gloria (France Musique)\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption><em>Gloria<\/em> (France Musique)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"yukboR-z6wE\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yukboR-z6wE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/yukboR-z6wE\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Sonate pour fl\u00fbte et piano (France Musique)\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption><em>Sonate pour fl\u00fbte et piano<\/em> (France Musique)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francis_Poulenc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Francis Poulenc sur Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Francis Poulenc et la claveciniste Wanda Landowska (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Francis Poulenc (1899-1963), \u00ab moiti\u00e9 moine, moiti\u00e9 voyou \u00bb Francis Poulenc est l\u2019un des compositeurs fran\u00e7ais les plus attachants du XXe si\u00e8cle. Membre du Groupe des Six, il a su [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46201,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-46200","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Francis Poulenc - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/francis-poulenc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Francis Poulenc - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Francis Poulenc et la claveciniste Wanda Landowska (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Francis Poulenc (1899-1963), \u00ab moiti\u00e9 moine, moiti\u00e9 voyou \u00bb Francis Poulenc est l\u2019un des compositeurs fran\u00e7ais les plus attachants du XXe si\u00e8cle. 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