{"id":46152,"date":"2026-11-13T19:26:12","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T18:26:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/leos-janacek\/"},"modified":"2026-11-13T19:26:34","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T18:26:34","slug":"leos-janacek","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/leos-janacek\/","title":{"rendered":"Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek et son \u00e9pouse Zdenka (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Janacek_with_wife.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek (1854-1928), le chant de la Moravie<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek est l\u2019un des compositeurs les plus originaux du XXe si\u00e8cle. Longtemps ma\u00eetre de chapelle et professeur \u00e0 Brno, en Moravie, il n\u2019a connu la gloire qu\u2019\u00e0 plus de soixante ans. S\u2019inspirant des inflexions de la langue parl\u00e9e et des chants populaires moraves, il a compos\u00e9 des op\u00e9ras bouleversants, comme <em>Jen\u016ffa<\/em> et <em>K\u00e1tia Kabanov\u00e1<\/em>, et la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre <em>Sinfonietta<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3>Une enfance en Moravie<\/h3>\n<p>Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek na\u00eet le 3 juillet 1854 \u00e0 Hukvaldy, en Moravie (aujourd\u2019hui en R\u00e9publique tch\u00e8que), dans une famille d\u2019instituteurs. \u00c0 onze ans, il devient choriste au monast\u00e8re des Augustins de Brno, o\u00f9 il re\u00e7oit une solide formation musicale.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u2019\u00e9tude de la langue parl\u00e9e<\/h3>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s des \u00e9tudes \u00e0 Prague, Leipzig et Vienne, il s\u2019installe \u00e0 Brno, o\u00f9 il dirige des ch\u0153urs et fonde une \u00e9cole d\u2019orgue. Il se passionne pour les chansons populaires moraves et note avec pr\u00e9cision les \u00ab m\u00e9lodies de la parole \u00bb : les intonations des gens qui parlent dans la rue. Ces observations deviennent la base de son style vocal unique.<\/p>\n<h3>Jen\u016ffa<\/h3>\n<p>Son op\u00e9ra <em>Jen\u016ffa<\/em>, drame paysan d\u2019une grande intensit\u00e9, est cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 Brno en 1904, mais Prague le refuse pendant douze ans. Lorsqu\u2019il y est enfin jou\u00e9 en 1916, c\u2019est un triomphe : \u00e0 soixante-deux ans, Jan\u00e1\u010dek devient c\u00e9l\u00e8bre.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u2019amour tardif et les chefs-d\u2019\u0153uvre<\/h3>\n<p>En 1917, il rencontre Kamila St\u00f6sslov\u00e1, une jeune femme mari\u00e9e de trente-huit ans sa cadette, pour laquelle il \u00e9prouve une passion profonde. Elle lui inspire une floraison de chefs-d\u2019\u0153uvre : les op\u00e9ras <em>K\u00e1tia Kabanov\u00e1<\/em>, <em>La Petite Renarde rus\u00e9e<\/em>, <em>L\u2019Affaire Makropoulos<\/em> et <em>De la maison des morts<\/em>, le quatuor <em>Lettres intimes<\/em>, et le cycle <em>Journal d\u2019un disparu<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3>La Sinfonietta et la Messe glagolitique<\/h3>\n<p>En 1926, il compose la <em>Sinfonietta<\/em>, avec ses fanfares \u00e9clatantes de treize trompettes, et la <em>Messe glagolitique<\/em>, sur un texte en vieux slavon. Ces \u0153uvres expriment sa joie devant l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la Tch\u00e9coslovaquie, proclam\u00e9e en 1918.<\/p>\n<h3>Fin de vie<\/h3>\n<p>Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek meurt le 12 ao\u00fbt 1928 \u00e0 Ostrava, d\u2019une pneumonie, \u00e0 74 ans. Ses op\u00e9ras, longtemps m\u00e9connus hors de son pays, sont aujourd\u2019hui jou\u00e9s sur toutes les grandes sc\u00e8nes du monde. Ses pi\u00e8ces pour piano, comme <em>Sur un sentier recouvert<\/em>, sont aussi tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h3>Rep\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1854<\/strong> \u2014 Naissance \u00e0 Hukvaldy, le 3 juillet.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1865<\/strong> \u2014 Choriste au monast\u00e8re des Augustins de Brno.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1904<\/strong> \u2014 Cr\u00e9ation de <em>Jen\u016ffa<\/em> \u00e0 Brno.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1916<\/strong> \u2014 Triomphe de <em>Jen\u016ffa<\/em> \u00e0 Prague.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1917<\/strong> \u2014 Rencontre avec Kamila St\u00f6sslov\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1926<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Sinfonietta<\/em>, <em>Messe glagolitique<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1928<\/strong> \u2014 Mort \u00e0 Ostrava, le 12 ao\u00fbt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<style>.opa-audio{margin:.8em 0 1.4em}.opa-audio audio{width:100%}.opa-audio-cap{font-size:.78em;margin-top:.3em;opacity:.85}<\/style>\n<h3>\u00c0 \u00e9couter<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-audio\"><audio controls preload=\"none\" style=\"width:100%\"><source src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/23\/Janacek_-_nase_pisen.ogg\/Janacek_-_nase_pisen.ogg.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio-cap\">Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek, <em>Na\u0161e p\u00edse\u0148<\/em> (Notre chanson), pour ch\u0153ur <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Janacek_-_nase_pisen.ogg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>En vid\u00e9o<\/h3>\n<style>.opa-vgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,440px),1fr));gap:22px;margin:1.4em 0 2.4em;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1150px,94vw)}.opa-vgrid>br{display:none}.opa-vbx{margin:0}.opa-vbx-f{position:relative;display:block;padding-top:56.25%;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.28);background:#000}.opa-vbx-f iframe{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;border:0}.opa-vbx-f img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .5s,opacity .3s;opacity:.92}.opa-vbx-f:hover img{transform:scale(1.04);opacity:1}.opa-play{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;width:78px;height:54px;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);background:rgba(204,0,0,.92);border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.4)}.opa-play:after{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:31px;top:16px;border-style:solid;border-width:11px 0 11px 19px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff}.opa-vbx figcaption{font-size:.82em;line-height:1.45;text-align:center;margin-top:.6em;opacity:.85}<\/style>\n<p><script>(function(){if(window.opaYT)return;window.opaYT=1;document.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){var a=e.target.closest&&e.target.closest(\".opa-vbx-f[data-yt]\");if(!a)return;e.preventDefault();var f=document.createElement(\"iframe\");f.src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/\"+a.getAttribute(\"data-yt\")+\"?autoplay=1&rel=0\";f.setAttribute(\"allow\",\"autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; fullscreen\");f.setAttribute(\"allowfullscreen\",\"\");f.setAttribute(\"referrerpolicy\",\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\");a.innerHTML=\"\";a.appendChild(f);a.removeAttribute(\"data-yt\");a.removeAttribute(\"href\");});})();<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-vgrid\">\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"9aFTv50AoEQ\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9aFTv50AoEQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/9aFTv50AoEQ\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Sinfonietta\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption><em>Sinfonietta<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"V280ixNS5Jc\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=V280ixNS5Jc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/V280ixNS5Jc\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Sur un sentier recouvert, pour piano\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption><em>Sur un sentier recouvert<\/em>, pour piano<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek sur Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek et son \u00e9pouse Zdenka (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek (1854-1928), le chant de la Moravie Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek est l\u2019un des compositeurs les plus originaux du XXe si\u00e8cle. Longtemps ma\u00eetre de chapelle et professeur \u00e0 Brno, en Moravie, il [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46153,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-46152","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/leos-janacek\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek et son \u00e9pouse Zdenka (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek (1854-1928), le chant de la Moravie Leo\u0161 Jan\u00e1\u010dek est l\u2019un des compositeurs les plus originaux du XXe si\u00e8cle. 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