{"id":45893,"date":"2026-11-13T16:26:15","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T15:26:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/giulio-cesare-polerio\/"},"modified":"2026-11-13T16:28:03","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T15:28:03","slug":"giulio-cesare-polerio","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/giulio-cesare-polerio\/","title":{"rendered":"Giulio Cesare Polerio"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> une page des manuscrits de Giulio Cesare Polerio, fin du XVIe si\u00e8cle (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ordini_di_giuochi_degli_scacchi..._di_Giulio_Cesare_Polerio_alias_l%27apruzzese_-_1594._-_btv1b100366127_(23_of_59).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\"><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\"><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Giulio Cesare Polerio (vers 1548 &#8211; vers 1612), le grand th\u00e9oricien des ouvertures de la Renaissance<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Giulio Cesare Polerio, surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab l\u2019Abruzzese \u00bb, est un joueur et th\u00e9oricien italien de la fin du XVIe si\u00e8cle. Ses manuscrits, r\u00e9dig\u00e9s vers 1590-1594, constituent l\u2019une des plus riches collections d\u2019analyses d\u2019ouvertures de la Renaissance. On y trouve les premi\u00e8res analyses connues de nombreuses ouvertures encore jou\u00e9es aujourd\u2019hui, comme la d\u00e9fense des deux cavaliers et l\u2019attaque Fegatello (\u00ab Fried Liver \u00bb).<\/p>\n<h3>Un Abruzzais \u00e0 Rome<\/h3>\n<p>Giulio Cesare Polerio na\u00eet vers 1548 \u00e0 Lanciano, dans les Abruzzes, alors dans le royaume de Naples. Il s\u2019installe \u00e0 Rome, o\u00f9 il entre au service de grandes familles aristocratiques, en particulier de Giacomo Boncompagni, duc de Sora et fils naturel du pape Gr\u00e9goire XIII, grand amateur d\u2019\u00e9checs.<\/p>\n<h3>Dans l\u2019entourage des grands ma\u00eetres<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c0 Rome et \u00e0 Naples, Polerio fr\u00e9quente les meilleurs joueurs de son temps, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/giovanni-leonardo-da-cutri\/\">Leonardo da Cutri<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/paolo-boi\/\">Paolo Boi<\/a>. Selon certaines sources, il aurait accompagn\u00e9 Leonardo lors de son voyage en Espagne, vers 1574-1575. Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l\u2019un des plus forts joueurs italiens de la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration suivante.<\/p>\n<h3>Les manuscrits de Polerio<\/h3>\n<p>Polerio n\u2019a rien publi\u00e9 de son vivant, mais il a laiss\u00e9 plusieurs manuscrits, conserv\u00e9s aujourd\u2019hui dans des biblioth\u00e8ques de Rome et d\u2019ailleurs. Ces recueils, r\u00e9dig\u00e9s vers 1590-1594, pr\u00e9sentent des centaines de variantes d\u2019ouvertures sous forme de parties d\u2019exemple, avec une pr\u00e9cision remarquable pour l\u2019\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n<p>On y trouve le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gambit_du_roi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gambit du roi<\/a> et ses nombreuses ramifications, la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Partie_italienne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partie italienne<\/a>, la d\u00e9fense Petrov, le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gambit_dame\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gambit dame<\/a>, la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C3%A9fense_sicilienne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00e9fense sicilienne<\/a> et la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C3%A9fense_fran%C3%A7aise\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">d\u00e9fense fran\u00e7aise<\/a> sous des formes primitives.<\/p>\n<h3>La d\u00e9fense des deux cavaliers et l\u2019attaque Fegatello<\/h3>\n<p>C\u2019est chez Polerio qu\u2019apparaissent les premi\u00e8res analyses connues de la d\u00e9fense des deux cavaliers (1.e4 e5 2.Cf3 Cc6 3.Fc4 Cf6). Il y \u00e9tudie l\u2019attaque brutale 4.Cg5 et la variante o\u00f9 les Blancs sacrifient leur cavalier par Cxf7, que les Italiens appelleront plus tard le \u00ab Fegatello \u00bb (le foie frit), et les Anglais le \u00ab Fried Liver Attack \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Il montre aussi la r\u00e9ponse 4\u2026Ca5 des Noirs, toujours consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la meilleure, et qu\u2019on appelle parfois la d\u00e9fense Polerio.<\/p>\n<h3>Greco, l\u2019h\u00e9ritier<\/h3>\n<p>Les analyses de Polerio ont largement inspir\u00e9 le Calabrais <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/gioachino-greco\/\">Gioachino Greco<\/a>, qui a recopi\u00e9 et enrichi beaucoup de ses lignes dans ses propres manuscrits, devenus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres dans toute l\u2019Europe au XVIIe si\u00e8cle. Une grande partie de ce que l\u2019on attribue \u00e0 Greco provient en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 du travail de Polerio.<\/p>\n<h3>H\u00e9ritage<\/h3>\n<p>Polerio meurt vers 1612, probablement \u00e0 Rome. Longtemps oubli\u00e9, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 red\u00e9couvert par les historiens des \u00e9checs du XIXe et du XXe si\u00e8cle, qui ont reconnu en lui l\u2019un des grands fondateurs de la th\u00e9orie des ouvertures. Son nom est rest\u00e9 attach\u00e9 au gambit Polerio et \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense Polerio dans la partie italienne.<\/p>\n<h3>Rep\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>vers 1548<\/strong> \u2014 Naissance \u00e0 Lanciano, dans les Abruzzes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>vers 1574-1575<\/strong> \u2014 Voyage probable en Espagne avec Leonardo da Cutri.<\/li>\n<li><strong>vers 1590-1594<\/strong> \u2014 R\u00e9daction de ses grands manuscrits d\u2019analyses d\u2019ouvertures.<\/li>\n<li><strong>vers 1612<\/strong> \u2014 Mort, probablement \u00e0 Rome.<\/li>\n<li><strong>XVIIe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> \u2014 Gioachino Greco reprend et diffuse une grande partie de ses analyses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Chess_Game_(Sofonisba_Anguissola)_1555_(4096x3236px).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/3c\/The_Chess_Game_%28Sofonisba_Anguissola%29_1555_%284096x3236px%29.jpg\/1920px-The_Chess_Game_%28Sofonisba_Anguissola%29_1555_%284096x3236px%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=imageinfo&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Sofonisba Anguissola, \u00ab La partie d\u2019\u00e9checs \u00bb, 1555\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>La partie d\u2019\u00e9checs, Anguissola <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Chess_Game_(Sofonisba_Anguissola)_1555_(4096x3236px).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giulio_Cesare_Polerio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Polerio sur Wikip\u00e9dia (italien)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/D%C3%A9fense_des_deux_cavaliers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La d\u00e9fense des deux cavaliers (Wikip\u00e9dia)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>H. J. R. Murray, \u00ab A History of Chess \u00bb, Oxford, 1913.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : une page des manuscrits de Giulio Cesare Polerio, fin du XVIe si\u00e8cle (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Giulio Cesare Polerio (vers 1548 &#8211; vers 1612), le grand th\u00e9oricien des ouvertures de la Renaissance Giulio Cesare Polerio, surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab l\u2019Abruzzese \u00bb, est un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45894,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-45893","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Giulio Cesare Polerio - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/giulio-cesare-polerio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Giulio Cesare Polerio - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : une page des manuscrits de Giulio Cesare Polerio, fin du XVIe si\u00e8cle (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Giulio Cesare Polerio (vers 1548 &#8211; vers 1612), le grand th\u00e9oricien des ouvertures de la Renaissance Giulio Cesare Polerio, surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab l\u2019Abruzzese \u00bb, est un [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/giulio-cesare-polerio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-13T15:28:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/giulio-cesare-polerio.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1476\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/\",\"name\":\"Giulio Cesare Polerio - Orazio Puglisi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-11-13T15:26:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-11-13T15:28:03+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1476,\"caption\":\"une page des manuscrits de Giulio Cesare Polerio, fin du XVIe si\u00e8cle\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/giulio-cesare-polerio\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Giulio Cesare Polerio\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/\",\"name\":\"Oraziopuglisi.art\",\"description\":\"Le beau ! 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