{"id":35191,"date":"2026-11-12T15:16:36","date_gmt":"2026-11-12T14:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/adolf-anderssen\/"},"modified":"2026-11-13T00:47:16","modified_gmt":"2026-11-12T23:47:16","slug":"adolf-anderssen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/adolf-anderssen\/","title":{"rendered":"Adolf Anderssen"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Adolf Anderssen (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anderssen_Adolf.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\"><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\"><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Adolf Anderssen (1818-1879), le ma\u00eetre de l&rsquo;attaque romantique<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Professeur de math\u00e9matiques \u00e0 Breslau (aujourd&rsquo;hui Wroc\u0142aw), Adolf Anderssen fut le plus grand joueur de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque romantique, ce temps o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on sacrifiait sans compter pour mater le roi adverse. Vainqueur du premier grand tournoi international, \u00e0 Londres en 1851, il a laiss\u00e9 deux des parties les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres de l&rsquo;histoire : l&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Partie_immortelle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00ab Immortelle \u00bb<\/a> et la \u00ab Toujours jeune \u00bb.<\/p>\n<h3>Le tournoi de Londres 1851<\/h3>\n<p>Organis\u00e9 par <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/howard-staunton\/\">Howard Staunton<\/a> en marge de la premi\u00e8re Exposition universelle, le tournoi de Londres r\u00e9unit seize des meilleurs joueurs d&rsquo;Europe. Anderssen l&#8217;emporte nettement et devient le joueur le plus admir\u00e9 du monde. Il ne s&rsquo;incline qu&rsquo;en 1858 face \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/paul-morphy\/\">Paul Morphy<\/a>, puis en 1866 face \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wilhelm-steinitz\/\">Wilhelm Steinitz<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>L&rsquo;Immortelle et la Toujours jeune<\/h3>\n<p>En 1851, dans une partie amicale \u00e0 Londres contre <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/lionel-kieseritzky\/\">Lionel Kieseritzky<\/a>, Anderssen sacrifie un fou, les deux tours puis la dame pour mater avec ses pi\u00e8ces mineures : c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;\u00ab Immortelle \u00bb. En 1852, \u00e0 Berlin, contre Jean Dufresne, il r\u00e9alise une combinaison si profonde que Steinitz l&rsquo;appela \u00ab la Toujours jeune \u00bb (<em>Evergreen<\/em>). Le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gambit_Evans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gambit Evans<\/a> et le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gambit_du_roi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gambit du roi<\/a> \u00e9taient ses armes favorites.<\/p>\n<h3>Un \u00e9ternel amateur<\/h3>\n<p>Toute sa vie, Anderssen resta professeur au lyc\u00e9e de Breslau, jouant pendant ses vacances. Il remporta encore le tournoi de Baden-Baden en 1870, devant Steinitz. Il compose aussi de remarquables <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Probl%C3%A8me_d'%C3%A9checs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">probl\u00e8mes d&rsquo;\u00e9checs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-enrich\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align:center;margin-top:2em;\">Biographie d\u00e9taill\u00e9e<\/h3>\n<h4>Le professeur de Breslau<\/h4>\n<p>Karl Ernst Adolf Anderssen na\u00eet le 6 juillet 1818 \u00e0 Breslau, en Sil\u00e9sie (aujourd&rsquo;hui Wroc\u0142aw, en Pologne). Professeur de math\u00e9matiques au Friedrichs-Gymnasium de sa ville, il ne fut jamais un joueur professionnel. Il se fit d&rsquo;abord conna\u00eetre comme compositeur de probl\u00e8mes d&rsquo;\u00e9checs.<\/p>\n<h4>Londres 1851<\/h4>\n<p>En 1851, il remporte \u00e0 Londres le premier grand tournoi international de l&rsquo;histoire, battant notamment Howard Staunton. Il est d\u00e8s lors consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le meilleur joueur du monde.<\/p>\n<h4>Morphy et Steinitz<\/h4>\n<p>Battu par Paul Morphy en 1858, il reprend sa place apr\u00e8s le retrait de l&rsquo;Am\u00e9ricain : il remporte Londres 1862 et Baden-Baden 1870. En 1866, il perd un match serr\u00e9 contre Wilhelm Steinitz (6 \u00e0 8), puis, dans les ann\u00e9es 1870, deux matchs contre <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/louis-paulsen\/\">Louis Paulsen<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4>Le g\u00e9nie de la combinaison<\/h4>\n<p>Anderssen est la figure majeure de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole romantique : il cherchait l&rsquo;attaque \u00e0 tout prix, n&rsquo;h\u00e9sitant pas \u00e0 sacrifier des pi\u00e8ces pour mater le roi adverse. Deux de ses parties sont parmi les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres jamais jou\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h4>Parties c\u00e9l\u00e8bres<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anderssen \u2013 Kieseritzky, Londres 1851<\/strong> : l&rsquo;\u00ab Immortelle \u00bb, o\u00f9 il sacrifie les deux tours, un fou et la dame.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anderssen \u2013 Dufresne, Berlin 1852<\/strong> : la \u00ab Toujours verte \u00bb (<em>Evergreen<\/em>), \u00e0 la combinaison finale \u00e9blouissante.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il meurt \u00e0 Breslau le 13 mars 1879.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:.85em;opacity:.8;\"><em>Sources : Wikip\u00e9dia (article \u00ab Adolf Anderssen \u00bb).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"opa-enrich2\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align:center;margin-top:2em;\">Palmar\u00e8s ann\u00e9e par ann\u00e9e<\/h3>\n<table class=\"opa-palm\" style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.95em;margin:1em 0 1.6em;\">\n<tr style=\"background:#f7f1e8\">\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;width:6.5em;\">1851<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;\">Remporte le premier grand tournoi international, \u00e0 Londres.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#fff\">\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;width:6.5em;\">1858<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;\">Perd un match contre Paul Morphy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#f7f1e8\">\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;width:6.5em;\">1862<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;\">Premier \u00e0 Londres.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#fff\">\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;width:6.5em;\">1866<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;\">Perd un match serr\u00e9 contre Steinitz (6 \u00e0 8).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#f7f1e8\">\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;width:6.5em;\">1870<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;\">Premier \u00e0 Baden-Baden devant Steinitz.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#fff\">\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;width:6.5em;\">1876-1877<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:.35em .7em;\">Perd deux matchs contre Louis Paulsen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"text-align:center;margin-top:2em;\">Parties comment\u00e9es<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-partie\" style=\"border-left:4px solid #b58863;background:#fbf8f3;padding:.8em 1.1em;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:4px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 .4em;\"><strong>Anderssen \u2013 Kieseritzky, Londres 1851 : l&rsquo;Immortelle<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">Anderssen sacrifie un fou, les deux tours puis la dame, et mate avec ses trois pi\u00e8ces mineures restantes par 23.Fe7 mat. Une partie amicale devenue le symbole du jeu romantique.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"opa-partie\" style=\"border-left:4px solid #b58863;background:#fbf8f3;padding:.8em 1.1em;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:4px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 .4em;\"><strong>Anderssen \u2013 Dufresne, Berlin 1852 : la Toujours verte<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">La combinaison finale commence par le sacrifice de dame 21.Dxd7+ !! ; suivent un double \u00e9chec et un mat par les fous. Steinitz l&rsquo;appelait \u00ab la toujours verte couronne de lauriers d&rsquo;Anderssen \u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>En images<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anderssen,_Adolf_%22-1%22_-_DPLA_-_47806cb6f8700a399d355fa104d78620.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Anderssen%2C_Adolf_%22-1%22_-_DPLA_-_47806cb6f8700a399d355fa104d78620.jpg\/1920px-Anderssen%2C_Adolf_%22-1%22_-_DPLA_-_47806cb6f8700a399d355fa104d78620.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=imageinfo&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Adolf Anderssen\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Adolf Anderssen, photographie. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anderssen,_Adolf_%22-1%22_-_DPLA_-_47806cb6f8700a399d355fa104d78620.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Rep\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1818<\/strong> \u2014 Naissance \u00e0 Breslau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1851<\/strong> \u2014 Vainqueur du tournoi de Londres ; l&rsquo;Immortelle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1852<\/strong> \u2014 La Toujours jeune.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1858<\/strong> \u2014 Battu par Morphy \u00e0 Paris.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1866<\/strong> \u2014 Battu par Steinitz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1870<\/strong> \u2014 Vainqueur \u00e0 Baden-Baden.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1879<\/strong> \u2014 Mort \u00e0 Breslau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>En vid\u00e9o<\/h3>\n<style>.opa-vgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(min(100%,440px),1fr));gap:22px;margin:1.4em 0 2.4em;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1150px,94vw)}.opa-vgrid>br{display:none}.opa-vbx{margin:0}.opa-vbx-f{position:relative;display:block;padding-top:56.25%;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.28);background:#000}.opa-vbx-f iframe{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;border:0}.opa-vbx-f img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%!important;height:100%!important;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .5s,opacity .3s;opacity:.92}.opa-vbx-f:hover img{transform:scale(1.04);opacity:1}.opa-play{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;width:78px;height:54px;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);background:rgba(204,0,0,.92);border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.4)}.opa-play:after{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:31px;top:16px;border-style:solid;border-width:11px 0 11px 19px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff}.opa-vbx figcaption{font-size:.82em;line-height:1.45;text-align:center;margin-top:.6em;opacity:.85}<\/style>\n<p><script>(function(){if(window.opaYT)return;window.opaYT=1;document.addEventListener(\"click\",function(e){var a=e.target.closest&&e.target.closest(\".opa-vbx-f[data-yt]\");if(!a)return;e.preventDefault();var f=document.createElement(\"iframe\");f.src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/\"+a.getAttribute(\"data-yt\")+\"?autoplay=1&rel=0\";f.setAttribute(\"allow\",\"autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; fullscreen\");f.setAttribute(\"allowfullscreen\",\"\");f.setAttribute(\"referrerpolicy\",\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\");a.innerHTML=\"\";a.appendChild(f);a.removeAttribute(\"data-yt\");a.removeAttribute(\"href\");});})();<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-vgrid\">\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"5KGJRq_lqd0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5KGJRq_lqd0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/5KGJRq_lqd0\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"L'Immortelle d'Anderssen\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption>L&rsquo;Immortelle d&rsquo;Anderssen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"opa-vbx\"><a class=\"opa-vbx-f\" data-yt=\"Zk9rhLve_4Q\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Zk9rhLve_4Q\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Zk9rhLve_4Q\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Anderssen \u2013 Dufresne, 1852 : la Toujours jeune\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"opa-play\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption>Anderssen \u2013 Dufresne, 1852 : la Toujours jeune<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Hans Renette et Ernst Kunz, <em>Adolf Anderssen<\/em>, Edition Olms.<\/li>\n<li>Edward Winter, <em>Chess Notes<\/em> (en ligne).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Professeur de math\u00e9matiques \u00e0 Breslau (aujourd&rsquo;hui Wroc\u0142aw), Adolf Anderssen fut le plus grand joueur de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque romantique, ce temps o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on sacrifiait sans compter pour mater le roi adverse. Vainqueur du premier grand tournoi international, \u00e0 Londres en 1851, il a laiss\u00e9\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":35192,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35191","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Adolf Anderssen - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/adolf-anderssen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Adolf Anderssen - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Professeur de math\u00e9matiques \u00e0 Breslau (aujourd&#039;hui Wroc\u0142aw), Adolf Anderssen fut le plus grand joueur de l&#039;\u00e9poque romantique, ce temps o\u00f9 l&#039;on sacrifiait sans compter pour mater le roi adverse. 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