{"id":32200,"date":"2026-11-04T14:21:11","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T13:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/dada-et-le-surrealisme\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T14:22:31","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T13:22:31","slug":"dada-et-le-surrealisme","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/dada-et-le-surrealisme\/","title":{"rendered":"Dada et le Surr\u00e9alisme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Yves Tanguy, <em>Belomancie I<\/em>, 1927 (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yves_tanguy,_belomanzia_I,_1927.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Dada et le Surr\u00e9alisme (1916-1966) : la r\u00e9volte et le r\u00eave<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">En 1916, alors que la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale fait des millions de morts, une poign\u00e9e de jeunes artistes r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s en Suisse d\u00e9cident que la civilisation qui a produit ce massacre ne m\u00e9rite plus aucun respect. Ils fondent un mouvement au nom absurde, trouv\u00e9, dit-on, en ouvrant un dictionnaire au hasard : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dada<\/a>. Ils hurlent des po\u00e8mes sans mots, exposent des objets ordinaires et ridiculisent l&rsquo;art lui-m\u00eame. De ses cendres na\u00eet \u00e0 Paris, en 1924, le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/surr%C3%A9alisme\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Surr\u00e9alisme<\/a> d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andr%C3%A9_Breton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Andr\u00e9 Breton<\/a>, qui veut lib\u00e9rer les forces du r\u00eave, du hasard et de l&rsquo;inconscient. Ensemble, ces deux mouvements ont transform\u00e9 l&rsquo;art, la po\u00e9sie, le cin\u00e9ma, la photographie et la publicit\u00e9 du XXe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Hugo_Ball_Cabaret_Voltaire.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/ce\/Hugo_Ball_Cabaret_Voltaire.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Hugo Ball au Cabaret Voltaire, 1916\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Hugo Ball r\u00e9citant son po\u00e8me phon\u00e9tique <em>Karawane<\/em> au Cabaret Voltaire, Zurich, 1916 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Hugo_Ball_Cabaret_Voltaire.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Zurich 1916 : le Cabaret Voltaire<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Dada_1917_Titel.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/49\/Dada_1917_Titel.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Revue Dada n\u00b0 1, 1917\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Couverture de la revue <em>Dada<\/em> n\u00b0 1, Zurich, juillet 1917 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Dada_1917_Titel.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le 5 f\u00e9vrier 1916, le po\u00e8te allemand <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hugo_Ball\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hugo Ball<\/a> et sa compagne <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emmy_Hennings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emmy Hennings<\/a> ouvrent le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cabaret_Voltaire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cabaret Voltaire<\/a> au 1 de la Spiegelgasse \u00e0 Zurich, \u00e0 deux pas de l&rsquo;appartement o\u00f9 vit alors L\u00e9nine. Ils y sont rejoints par le Roumain <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tristan_Tzara\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tristan Tzara<\/a>, l&rsquo;Alsacien <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean_Arp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jean Arp<\/a>, le Roumain <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcel_Janco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marcel Janco<\/a>, l&rsquo;Allemand <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Huelsenbeck\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Huelsenbeck<\/a> et la Suissesse <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sophie_Taeuber-Arp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sophie Taeuber-Arp<\/a>. Chaque soir : po\u00e8mes simultan\u00e9s lus en trois langues \u00e0 la fois, po\u00e8mes phon\u00e9tiques, danses masqu\u00e9es, musique bruitiste. Hugo Ball, v\u00eatu d&rsquo;un costume de carton cubiste, d\u00e9clame \u00ab gadji beri bimba \u00bb. Tzara publie en 1918 le <em>Manifeste Dada<\/em> : \u00ab Dada ne signifie rien. \u00bb<\/p>\n<h3>New York : Duchamp, Picabia et le ready-made<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Francis_Picabia,_1915_-_Tr%C3%A8s_rare_tableau_sur_la_terre.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/30\/Francis_Picabia%2C_1915_-_Tr%C3%A8s_rare_tableau_sur_la_terre.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Francis Picabia, New York, 1915\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Francis Picabia, <em>New York<\/em>, 1915 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Francis_Picabia,_1915_-_Tr%C3%A8s_rare_tableau_sur_la_terre.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>De l&rsquo;autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l&rsquo;Atlantique, un esprit dada souffle avant m\u00eame le mot. En 1917, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcel_Duchamp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marcel Duchamp<\/a> envoie \u00e0 une exposition new-yorkaise un urinoir en porcelaine sign\u00e9 \u00ab R. Mutt \u00bb et intitul\u00e9 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fontaine_(Duchamp)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fontaine<\/a><\/em> : c&rsquo;est le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre des <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ready-made\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ready-made<\/a>, ces objets manufactur\u00e9s promus \u0153uvres d&rsquo;art par le seul choix de l&rsquo;artiste. <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francis_Picabia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Francis Picabia<\/a> dessine des \u00ab portraits m\u00e9caniques \u00bb o\u00f9 ses amis deviennent des bougies, des phares ou des appareils photo ; avec le photographe <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Man_Ray\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Man Ray<\/a>, ils font de New York une capitale de la provocation.<\/p>\n<h3>Berlin : le photomontage politique<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Johannes_Baader_(1875_1955).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1c\/Johannes_Baader_%281875_1955%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Johannes Baader\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Johannes Baader, l&rsquo;\u00ab Oberdada \u00bb de Berlin <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Johannes_Baader_(1875_1955).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00c0 Berlin, dans une Allemagne vaincue et ruin\u00e9e, Dada devient f\u00e9roce et politique. <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raoul_Hausmann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Raoul Hausmann<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hannah_H%C3%B6ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hannah H\u00f6ch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Grosz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">George Grosz<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Heartfield\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Heartfield<\/a> et Johannes Baader, l&rsquo;\u00ab Oberdada \u00bb autoproclam\u00e9, inventent le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/photomontage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">photomontage<\/a> : ils d\u00e9coupent journaux et magazines pour composer des images satiriques contre les militaires, les profiteurs et la r\u00e9publique de Weimar. En 1920, la Premi\u00e8re foire internationale Dada expose un mannequin d&rsquo;officier \u00e0 t\u00eate de cochon pendu au plafond : proc\u00e8s \u00e0 la cl\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Hanovre : Kurt Schwitters et Merz<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kurt_Schwitters_-_Merzbild_Kijkduin_-_Museo_Thyssen-Bornemisza_747_(1978.69).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f2\/Kurt_Schwitters_-_Merzbild_Kijkduin_-_Museo_Thyssen-Bornemisza_747_%281978.69%29.jpg\/1920px-Kurt_Schwitters_-_Merzbild_Kijkduin_-_Museo_Thyssen-Bornemisza_747_%281978.69%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Kurt Schwitters, Merzbild Kijkduin\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Kurt Schwitters, <em>Merzbild Kijkduin<\/em>, 1923, mus\u00e9e Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kurt_Schwitters_-_Merzbild_Kijkduin_-_Museo_Thyssen-Bornemisza_747_(1978.69).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00c0 Hanovre, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurt_Schwitters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurt Schwitters<\/a> invente son propre Dada, qu&rsquo;il appelle Merz, syllabe d\u00e9coup\u00e9e dans une publicit\u00e9 de la Commerzbank. Il ramasse dans la rue tickets de tramway, emballages, boutons et bouts de bois pour composer des collages d&rsquo;une grande po\u00e9sie. Dans sa maison, il construit pendant des ann\u00e9es le <em>Merzbau<\/em>, une architecture-sculpture qui envahit pi\u00e8ce apr\u00e8s pi\u00e8ce, anc\u00eatre de toutes les installations contemporaines. Il compose aussi l&rsquo;<em>Ursonate<\/em>, sonate de sons vocaux qui dure plus d&rsquo;une demi-heure.<\/p>\n<h3>De Dada au surr\u00e9alisme : Paris 1919-1924<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sophie_Taeuber.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a1\/Sophie_Taeuber.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Sophie Taeuber-Arp, T\u00eate Dada, 1920\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Sophie Taeuber-Arp, <em>T\u00eate Dada<\/em>, 1920 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sophie_Taeuber.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>En 1919, Tzara arrive \u00e0 Paris, accueilli par trois jeunes po\u00e8tes de la revue <em>Litt\u00e9rature<\/em> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andr%C3%A9_Breton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Andr\u00e9 Breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Aragon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Louis Aragon<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippe_Soupault\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philippe Soupault<\/a>. Les manifestations dada parisiennes font scandale, mais Breton se lasse vite de la pure n\u00e9gation. En 1919 d\u00e9j\u00e0, avec Soupault, il a \u00e9crit <em>Les Champs magn\u00e9tiques<\/em> en <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%A9criture_automatique\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00e9criture automatique<\/a> : \u00e9crire tr\u00e8s vite, sans r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir, pour laisser parler l&rsquo;inconscient. Le mot \u00ab surr\u00e9aliste \u00bb avait \u00e9t\u00e9 invent\u00e9 par <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillaume_Apollinaire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guillaume Apollinaire<\/a> en 1917. En octobre 1924, Breton publie le <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manifeste_du_surr%C3%A9alisme\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manifeste du surr\u00e9alisme<\/a><\/em>, qui d\u00e9finit le mouvement comme un \u00ab automatisme psychique pur \u00bb, \u00ab en l&rsquo;absence de tout contr\u00f4le exerc\u00e9 par la raison, en dehors de toute pr\u00e9occupation esth\u00e9tique ou morale \u00bb.<\/p>\n<h3>Les anc\u00eatres du r\u00eave<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Redon_-_Eye-Balloon_(%C5%92il-ballon)_1878.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/55\/Redon_-_Eye-Balloon_%28%C5%92il-ballon%29_1878.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Odilon Redon, L'\u0152il-ballon\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Odilon Redon, <em>L&rsquo;\u0152il, comme un ballon bizarre, se dirige vers l&rsquo;infini<\/em>, 1878-1882 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Redon_-_Eye-Balloon_(%C5%92il-ballon)_1878.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les surr\u00e9alistes se cherchent des anc\u00eatres : le po\u00e8te <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lautr%C3%A9amont\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comte de Lautr\u00e9amont<\/a>, auteur des <em>Chants de Maldoror<\/em> et de la formule \u00ab beau comme la rencontre fortuite sur une table de dissection d&rsquo;une machine \u00e0 coudre et d&rsquo;un parapluie \u00bb ; <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rimbaud\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arthur Rimbaud<\/a> et son \u00ab d\u00e9r\u00e8glement de tous les sens \u00bb ; <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sigmund_Freud\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sigmund Freud<\/a> et <em>L&rsquo;Interpr\u00e9tation des r\u00eaves<\/em> (1900). En peinture, ils admirent les visions de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bosch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bosch<\/a>, les t\u00eates compos\u00e9es d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arcimboldo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arcimboldo<\/a>, les noirs fantastiques d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odilon_Redon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Odilon Redon<\/a> (voir <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/le-symbolisme\/\">le symbolisme<\/a>), les jungles na\u00efves du <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Douanier_Rousseau\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Douanier Rousseau<\/a> et les places d\u00e9sertes et m\u00e9lancoliques de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giorgio_De_Chirico\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Giorgio De Chirico<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Les peintres surr\u00e9alistes<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yves_tanguy,_la_tempesta_(paesaggio_nero),_1926.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/87\/Yves_tanguy%2C_la_tempesta_%28paesaggio_nero%29%2C_1926.jpg\/1920px-Yves_tanguy%2C_la_tempesta_%28paesaggio_nero%29%2C_1926.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Yves Tanguy\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Yves Tanguy, <em>La Temp\u00eate (Paysage noir)<\/em>, 1926 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yves_tanguy,_la_tempesta_(paesaggio_nero),_1926.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Pour traduire le r\u00eave en images, les peintres surr\u00e9alistes suivent deux voies. La voie automatique : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andr%C3%A9_Masson_(peintre)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Andr\u00e9 Masson<\/a> jette du sable sur la toile encoll\u00e9e, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Max_Ernst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Max Ernst<\/a> invente le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/frottage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">frottage<\/a> et le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collage_(art)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">collage<\/a> de gravures anciennes, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/joan-miro\/\">Joan Mir\u00f3<\/a> laisse na\u00eetre des formes libres et color\u00e9es. Et la voie illusionniste, qui peint l&rsquo;impossible avec une pr\u00e9cision photographique : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ren\u00e9 Magritte<\/a> et ses \u00e9nigmes (\u00ab Ceci n&rsquo;est pas une pipe \u00bb), <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/dali\/\">Salvador Dal\u00ed<\/a> et sa m\u00e9thode \u00ab parano\u00efaque-critique \u00bb, ses montres molles et ses \u00e9l\u00e9phants aux pattes d&rsquo;araign\u00e9e, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_Tanguy_(peintre)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yves Tanguy<\/a> et ses paysages sous-marins peupl\u00e9s de formes myst\u00e9rieuses, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Delvaux\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paul Delvaux<\/a> et ses femmes somnambules. Les \u0153uvres de la plupart de ces artistes ne sont pas encore dans le domaine public : nous ne pouvons pas les reproduire ici, mais les liens permettent de les d\u00e9couvrir.<\/p>\n<h3>Rayonnement et h\u00e9ritage<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Henri_Rousseau_-_Le_R%C3%AAve_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/eb\/Henri_Rousseau_-_Le_R%C3%AAve_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg\/1920px-Henri_Rousseau_-_Le_R%C3%AAve_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Henri Rousseau, Le R\u00eave\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Henri Rousseau, <em>Le R\u00eave<\/em>, 1910, MoMA, New York : l&rsquo;un des tableaux pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s des surr\u00e9alistes <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Henri_Rousseau_-_Le_R%C3%AAve_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le surr\u00e9alisme devient le mouvement le plus international du si\u00e8cle : la grande Exposition internationale du surr\u00e9alisme de Paris en 1938, les expositions de Londres, de Tokyo, de Mexico, l&rsquo;exil de Breton, Ernst, Masson et Tanguy \u00e0 New York pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, o\u00f9 ils inspirent les jeunes Pollock et Rothko. Des femmes artistes y trouvent leur place : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meret_Oppenheim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Meret Oppenheim<\/a> et sa tasse en fourrure, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonora_Carrington\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leonora Carrington<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorothea_Tanning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dorothea Tanning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Remedios_Varo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Remedios Varo<\/a>. Au cin\u00e9ma, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Luis Bu\u00f1uel<\/a> et Dal\u00ed tournent <em>Un chien andalou<\/em> (1929). Le mouvement s&rsquo;\u00e9teint officiellement avec la mort de Breton en 1966 ; mais la publicit\u00e9, le clip vid\u00e9o, le pop art et l&rsquo;art conceptuel (h\u00e9ritier direct de Duchamp) prolongent sans cesse son h\u00e9ritage.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>Dada<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hugo_Ball\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hugo Ball<\/a> (1886-1927), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emmy_Hennings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emmy Hennings<\/a> (1885-1948), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tristan_Tzara\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tristan Tzara<\/a> (1896-1963), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean_Arp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jean Arp<\/a> (1886-1966), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sophie_Taeuber-Arp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sophie Taeuber-Arp<\/a> (1889-1943), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcel_Janco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marcel Janco<\/a> (1895-1984), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Huelsenbeck\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Huelsenbeck<\/a> (1892-1974)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dada New York et Paris<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcel_Duchamp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marcel Duchamp<\/a> (1887-1968), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Francis_Picabia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Francis Picabia<\/a> (1879-1953), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Man_Ray\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Man Ray<\/a> (1890-1976)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dada Berlin et Hanovre<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raoul_Hausmann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Raoul Hausmann<\/a> (1886-1971), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hannah_H%C3%B6ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hannah H\u00f6ch<\/a> (1889-1978), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Grosz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">George Grosz<\/a> (1893-1959), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Heartfield\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">John Heartfield<\/a> (1891-1968), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurt_Schwitters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurt Schwitters<\/a> (1887-1948)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surr\u00e9alisme, po\u00e8tes<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andr%C3%A9_Breton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Andr\u00e9 Breton<\/a> (1896-1966), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Aragon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Louis Aragon<\/a> (1897-1982), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_%C3%89luard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paul \u00c9luard<\/a> (1895-1952), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philippe_Soupault\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Philippe Soupault<\/a> (1897-1990), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Desnos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robert Desnos<\/a> (1900-1945)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surr\u00e9alisme, peintres<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Max_Ernst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Max Ernst<\/a> (1891-1976), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andr%C3%A9_Masson_(peintre)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Andr\u00e9 Masson<\/a> (1896-1987), <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/joan-miro\/\">Joan Mir\u00f3<\/a> (1893-1983), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yves_Tanguy_(peintre)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yves Tanguy<\/a> (1900-1955), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ren\u00e9 Magritte<\/a> (1898-1967), <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/dali\/\">Salvador Dal\u00ed<\/a> (1904-1989), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Delvaux\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paul Delvaux<\/a> (1897-1994), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Brauner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Victor Brauner<\/a> (1903-1966)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Les femmes du surr\u00e9alisme<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meret_Oppenheim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Meret Oppenheim<\/a> (1913-1985), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonora_Carrington\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leonora Carrington<\/a> (1917-2011), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorothea_Tanning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dorothea Tanning<\/a> (1910-2012), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Remedios_Varo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Remedios Varo<\/a> (1908-1963), <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dora_Maar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dora Maar<\/a> (1907-1997)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1916<\/strong> \u2014 Ouverture du Cabaret Voltaire \u00e0 Zurich (5 f\u00e9vrier) ; naissance du mot \u00ab Dada \u00bb<\/li>\n<li><strong>1917<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Fontaine<\/em> de Duchamp \u00e0 New York ; revue <em>Dada<\/em> ; Apollinaire invente le mot \u00ab surr\u00e9aliste \u00bb<\/li>\n<li><strong>1918<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Manifeste Dada 1918<\/em> de Tzara<\/li>\n<li><strong>1919<\/strong> \u2014 Dada \u00e0 Berlin et \u00e0 Cologne ; Schwitters invente Merz ; Breton et Soupault, <em>Les Champs magn\u00e9tiques<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1920<\/strong> \u2014 Premi\u00e8re foire internationale Dada \u00e0 Berlin ; Dada \u00e0 Paris<\/li>\n<li><strong>1924<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Manifeste du surr\u00e9alisme<\/em> de Breton ; revue <em>La R\u00e9volution surr\u00e9aliste<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1925<\/strong> \u2014 Premi\u00e8re exposition de peinture surr\u00e9aliste, galerie Pierre, Paris<\/li>\n<li><strong>1929<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Un chien andalou<\/em> de Bu\u00f1uel et Dal\u00ed ; <em>Second manifeste<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1936<\/strong> \u2014 Exposition internationale du surr\u00e9alisme \u00e0 Londres ; \u00ab Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism \u00bb au MoMA<\/li>\n<li><strong>1938<\/strong> \u2014 Exposition internationale du surr\u00e9alisme \u00e0 Paris<\/li>\n<li><strong>1941-1946<\/strong> \u2014 Exil des surr\u00e9alistes \u00e0 New York<\/li>\n<li><strong>1966<\/strong> \u2014 Mort d&rsquo;Andr\u00e9 Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cabaret_Voltaire_Veranstaltung.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4f\/Cabaret_Voltaire_Veranstaltung.JPG\/1920px-Cabaret_Voltaire_Veranstaltung.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Affiche du Cabaret Voltaire, 1916\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Marcel S\u0142odki, affiche du Cabaret Voltaire, 1916 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Cabaret_Voltaire_Veranstaltung.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kurt_schwitters,_maraak,_variazione_I_(merzbild),_1930.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/30\/Kurt_schwitters%2C_maraak%2C_variazione_I_%28merzbild%29%2C_1930.jpg\/1920px-Kurt_schwitters%2C_maraak%2C_variazione_I_%28merzbild%29%2C_1930.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Kurt Schwitters\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Kurt Schwitters, <em>Merzbild<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kurt_schwitters,_maraak,_variazione_I_(merzbild),_1930.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:%27Merzz._53._Red_Bonbon%27_by_Kurt_Schwitters,_1920.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/88\/%27Merzz._53._Red_Bonbon%27_by_Kurt_Schwitters%2C_1920.JPG\/1920px-%27Merzz._53._Red_Bonbon%27_by_Kurt_Schwitters%2C_1920.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Kurt Schwitters, Merzz. 53. Red Bonbon\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Kurt Schwitters, <em>Merzz. 53. Red Bonbon<\/em>, 1920 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:%27Merzz._53._Red_Bonbon%27_by_Kurt_Schwitters,_1920.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sophie_Taeuber-Arp,_Marionettes.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/59\/Sophie_Taeuber-Arp%2C_Marionettes.jpg\/1920px-Sophie_Taeuber-Arp%2C_Marionettes.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Sophie Taeuber-Arp, marionnettes\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Sophie Taeuber-Arp, marionnettes pour <em>Le Roi Cerf<\/em>, 1918 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sophie_Taeuber-Arp,_Marionettes.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Francis_Picabia,_1915,_New_York..jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/89\/Francis_Picabia%2C_1915%2C_New_York..jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Francis Picabia\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Francis Picabia, 1915 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Francis_Picabia,_1915,_New_York..jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Garden_of_Earthly_Delights_by_Bosch_High_Resolution.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6d\/The_Garden_of_Earthly_Delights_by_Bosch_High_Resolution.jpg\/1920px-The_Garden_of_Earthly_Delights_by_Bosch_High_Resolution.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bosch, Le Jardin des d\u00e9lices\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bosch, <em>Le Jardin des d\u00e9lices<\/em>, vers 1500, mus\u00e9e du Prado <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Garden_of_Earthly_Delights_by_Bosch_High_Resolution.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Vertumnus_%C3%A5rstidernas_gud_m%C3%A5lad_av_Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_1591_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_91503.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Vertumnus_%C3%A5rstidernas_gud_m%C3%A5lad_av_Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_1591_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_91503.jpg\/1920px-Vertumnus_%C3%A5rstidernas_gud_m%C3%A5lad_av_Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_1591_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_91503.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Vertumne\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Giuseppe Arcimboldo, <em>Vertumne<\/em> (Rodolphe II), 1590 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Vertumnus_%C3%A5rstidernas_gud_m%C3%A5lad_av_Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_1591_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_91503.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Redon_-_The_Eye,_Like_a_Strange_Balloon_Moves_Towards_Infinity,_plate_one_from_To_Edgar_Poe,_1920.1570.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/91\/Redon_-_The_Eye%2C_Like_a_Strange_Balloon_Moves_Towards_Infinity%2C_plate_one_from_To_Edgar_Poe%2C_1920.1570.jpg\/1920px-Redon_-_The_Eye%2C_Like_a_Strange_Balloon_Moves_Towards_Infinity%2C_plate_one_from_To_Edgar_Poe%2C_1920.1570.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Odilon Redon\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Odilon Redon, version de <em>L&rsquo;\u0152il-ballon<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Redon_-_The_Eye,_Like_a_Strange_Balloon_Moves_Towards_Infinity,_plate_one_from_To_Edgar_Poe,_1920.1570.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=mouvement+Dada+histoire+art\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dada expliqu\u00e9<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Hugo+Ball+Karawane+Cabaret+Voltaire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Cabaret Voltaire et Hugo Ball, Karawane<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Kurt+Schwitters+Ursonate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurt Schwitters, Ursonate<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=surr%C3%A9alisme+histoire+Andr%C3%A9+Breton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le surr\u00e9alisme expliqu\u00e9<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Un+chien+andalou+1929\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Un chien andalou (Bu\u00f1uel et Dal\u00ed, 1929)<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00c0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger (livres du domaine public, PDF)<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/der-dada-no.-2\/Raoul-Hausmann_Der-Dada_1919-1920_No.2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 <em>Der Dada<\/em> n\u00b0 2, revue du Dada berlinois, 1919 (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/der-dada-no.-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/bub_gb_8FNXAAAAYAAJ\/bub_gb_8FNXAAAAYAAJ.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 Walter Serner, <em>Letzte Lockerung. Manifest Dada<\/em>, 1920 (en allemand) (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/bub_gb_8FNXAAAAYAAJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/enavantdadaeine00huelgoog\/enavantdadaeine00huelgoog.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 Richard Huelsenbeck, <em>En avant Dada. Eine Geschichte des Dadaismus<\/em>, 1920 (en allemand) (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/enavantdadaeine00huelgoog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/leschantsdemaldo00laut\/leschantsdemaldo00laut.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 Comte de Lautr\u00e9amont, <em>Les Chants de Maldoror<\/em>, \u00e9dition de 1920, le livre-culte des surr\u00e9alistes (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/leschantsdemaldo00laut\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabaretvoltaire.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cabaret Voltaire, Zurich (lieu toujours ouvert)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.centrepompidou.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dada, Centre Pompidou<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/art-terms\/s\/surrealism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Surrealism, Tate (en anglais)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/art-terms\/d\/dada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dada, Tate (en anglais)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dada.lib.uiowa.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International Dada Archive, Universit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;Iowa (en anglais)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Tristan Tzara, <em>Sept manifestes Dada<\/em>, 1924.<\/li>\n<li>Andr\u00e9 Breton, <em>Manifestes du surr\u00e9alisme<\/em>, 1924-1930 (Folio essais).<\/li>\n<li>Hans Richter, <em>Dada, art et anti-art<\/em>, 1964.<\/li>\n<li>Maurice Nadeau, <em>Histoire du surr\u00e9alisme<\/em>, 1945 (Points).<\/li>\n<li>Laurent Le Bon (dir.), <em>Dada<\/em>, catalogue, Centre Pompidou, 2005.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/le-symbolisme\/\">Le symbolisme<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/l-art-abstrait\/\">L&rsquo;art abstrait<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Yves Tanguy, Belomancie I, 1927 (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Dada et le Surr\u00e9alisme (1916-1966) : la r\u00e9volte et le r\u00eave En 1916, alors que la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale fait des millions de morts, une poign\u00e9e de jeunes artistes r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32199,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-32200","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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