{"id":31999,"date":"2026-11-02T05:53:28","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T04:53:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31999"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:27:07","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:27:07","slug":"angola","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/angola\/","title":{"rendered":"Angola"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Statue du h\u00e9ros civilisateur Chibinda Ilunga, Chokwe, XIXe si\u00e8cle, mus\u00e9e Rietberg, Zurich (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chokwe_Figur_Chibinda_Ilunga_Museum_Rietberg_2007-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" 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img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art en Angola : le royaume Kongo et les sculpteurs chokwe<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">L&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angola\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Angola<\/a> fut le c\u0153ur du royaume <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royaume_Kongo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kongo<\/a>, dont la capitale, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mbanza_Kongo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mbanza Kongo<\/a> (S\u00e3o Salvador), est inscrite au patrimoine mondial. \u00c0 l&rsquo;est, les <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tchokw%C3%A9s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chokwe<\/a> sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme l&rsquo;un des plus grands peuples de sculpteurs d&rsquo;Afrique : leur statue du chasseur Chibinda Ilunga et leurs masques Mwana Pwo sont des chefs-d&rsquo;\u0153uvre universellement admir\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brooklyn_Museum_1992.133.3_Mask_Mwana_Pwo_(2).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2d\/Brooklyn_Museum_1992.133.3_Mask_Mwana_Pwo_%282%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Masque Mwana Pwo\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Masque Mwana Pwo, Chokwe, Brooklyn Museum <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brooklyn_Museum_1992.133.3_Mask_Mwana_Pwo_(2).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Le royaume Kongo<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tomada_da_cidade_de_S%C3%A3o_Salvador_s%C3%A9culo_XVIII_(panor%C3%A2mico).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/ad\/Tomada_da_cidade_de_S%C3%A3o_Salvador_s%C3%A9culo_XVIII_%28panor%C3%A2mico%29.jpg\/1920px-Tomada_da_cidade_de_S%C3%A3o_Salvador_s%C3%A9culo_XVIII_%28panor%C3%A2mico%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Prise de S\u00e3o Salvador\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>La prise de la ville de S\u00e3o Salvador (Mbanza Kongo), peinture du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tomada_da_cidade_de_S%C3%A3o_Salvador_s%C3%A9culo_XVIII_(panor%C3%A2mico).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Converti au christianisme d\u00e8s 1491, le royaume Kongo entretint des relations avec le Portugal et le Vatican. Son art m\u00eale traditions africaines et chr\u00e9tiennes : crucifix de laiton, statuettes de saints, insignes royaux. La capitale, Mbanza Kongo, conserve les ruines de la cath\u00e9drale de 1549, l&rsquo;une des plus anciennes d&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne.<\/p>\n<h3>Chibinda Ilunga, le h\u00e9ros chasseur<\/h3>\n<p>Selon la tradition, Chibinda Ilunga, prince chasseur luba, \u00e9pousa la reine lunda Lweji et apporta la royaut\u00e9 sacr\u00e9e aux Lunda et aux Chokwe. Les sculpteurs chokwe du XIXe si\u00e8cle l&rsquo;ont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 avec une coiffe royale aux ailes recourb\u00e9es, des mains et des pieds puissants, tenant un b\u00e2ton et une corne de chasse : l&rsquo;une des plus grandes sculptures d&rsquo;Afrique.<\/p>\n<h3>Le masque Mwana Pwo<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Bansa,_or_residence_of_the_King_of_Kongo,_called_St._Salvador_(M%27Banza_Kongo),_Astley_1745.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/33\/The_Bansa%2C_or_residence_of_the_King_of_Kongo%2C_called_St._Salvador_%28M%27Banza_Kongo%29%2C_Astley_1745.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"R\u00e9sidence du roi du Kongo\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>La r\u00e9sidence (banza) du roi du Kongo, gravure ancienne <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Bansa,_or_residence_of_the_King_of_Kongo,_called_St._Salvador_(M%27Banza_Kongo),_Astley_1745.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le masque Mwana Pwo (\u00ab jeune femme \u00bb) repr\u00e9sente l&rsquo;id\u00e9al de beaut\u00e9 f\u00e9minine chokwe et l&rsquo;anc\u00eatre fondatrice ; il est pourtant dans\u00e9 par des hommes lors des c\u00e9r\u00e9monies d&rsquo;initiation. Ses yeux mi-clos, ses scarifications et sa coiffure de fibres lui donnent une gr\u00e2ce m\u00e9ditative.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les sculpteurs chokwe<\/li>\n<li>Les artistes de la cour du Kongo<\/li>\n<li>Viteix (1940-1993), peintre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1483<\/strong> \u2014 Arriv\u00e9e des Portugais au Kongo<\/li>\n<li><strong>1491<\/strong> \u2014 Bapt\u00eame du roi Nzinga a Nkuwu<\/li>\n<li><strong>1549<\/strong> \u2014 Cath\u00e9drale de Mbanza Kongo<\/li>\n<li><strong>XIXe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> \u2014 Apog\u00e9e de la sculpture chokwe<\/li>\n<li><strong>1975<\/strong> \u2014 Ind\u00e9pendance de l&rsquo;Angola<\/li>\n<li><strong>2017<\/strong> \u2014 Mbanza Kongo au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chibinda_Ilunga-Tchokwe-Bode-Museum.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/90\/Chibinda_Ilunga-Tchokwe-Bode-Museum.jpg\/1920px-Chibinda_Ilunga-Tchokwe-Bode-Museum.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Chibinda Ilunga\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Chibinda Ilunga, Bode-Museum, Berlin <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chibinda_Ilunga-Tchokwe-Bode-Museum.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brooklyn_Museum_69.168.2_Mask_Mwana_Pwo_(4).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d0\/Brooklyn_Museum_69.168.2_Mask_Mwana_Pwo_%284%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Mwana Pwo\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Masque Mwana Pwo <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brooklyn_Museum_69.168.2_Mask_Mwana_Pwo_(4).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chibinda_Ilunga_-_Tchokwe_MN_02.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a0\/Chibinda_Ilunga_-_Tchokwe_MN_02.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Chibinda Ilunga\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Chibinda Ilunga <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chibinda_Ilunga_-_Tchokwe_MN_02.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Chokwe+art+sculpture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L&rsquo;art chokwe<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Mbanza+Kongo+patrimoine+mondial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mbanza Kongo<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/1511\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mbanza Kongo (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Marie-Louise Bastin, <em>La Sculpture tshokwe<\/em>, 1982.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/afrique-du-sud-2\/\">Afrique australe<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-africaine\/\">La Peinture Africaine<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Statue du h\u00e9ros civilisateur Chibinda Ilunga, Chokwe, XIXe si\u00e8cle, mus\u00e9e Rietberg, Zurich (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art en Angola : le royaume Kongo et les sculpteurs chokwe L&rsquo;Angola fut le c\u0153ur du royaume Kongo, dont la capitale, Mbanza Kongo (S\u00e3o Salvador), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32395,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31999","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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