{"id":31992,"date":"2026-11-02T05:42:29","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T04:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31992"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:22:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:22:42","slug":"zimbabwe","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/zimbabwe\/","title":{"rendered":"Zimbabwe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Le Grand Zimbabwe, vue a\u00e9rienne, XIe-XVe si\u00e8cle, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great-zim-aerial-looking-West.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art au Zimbabwe : le Grand Zimbabwe et la sculpture shona<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zimbabwe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zimbabwe<\/a> tire son nom de la plus grande cit\u00e9 de pierre d&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne, le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grand_Zimbabwe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grand Zimbabwe<\/a> (\u00ab maisons de pierre \u00bb en shona). Ses oiseaux de st\u00e9atite sont devenus l&#8217;embl\u00e8me national, ses collines du <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matobo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Matobo (parc national)<\/a> conservent des milliers de peintures rupestres san, et la sculpture shona sur pierre est devenue au XXe si\u00e8cle l&rsquo;un des arts africains contemporains les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ntunjambili_rock_art_site.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/02\/Ntunjambili_rock_art_site.jpg\/1920px-Ntunjambili_rock_art_site.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Art rupestre du Matobo\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Peintures rupestres du site de Ntunjambili, collines du Matobo <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ntunjambili_rock_art_site.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Le Grand Zimbabwe<\/h3>\n<p>Entre le XIe et le XVe si\u00e8cle, les anc\u00eatres des Shona b\u00e2tissent une capitale de pr\u00e8s de 20 000 habitants, enrichie par le commerce de l&rsquo;or avec la c\u00f4te swahilie. Ses murailles de granit taill\u00e9, mont\u00e9es sans mortier, atteignent onze m\u00e8tres de hauteur ; la Grande Enceinte abrite une myst\u00e9rieuse tour conique. Longtemps, les colons europ\u00e9ens ont refus\u00e9 d&rsquo;admettre que ce monument \u00e9tait africain.<\/p>\n<h3>Les oiseaux du Zimbabwe<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Soapstone_birds_on_pedestals.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/cb\/Soapstone_birds_on_pedestals.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Oiseaux de st\u00e9atite\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Les oiseaux de st\u00e9atite du Grand Zimbabwe <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Soapstone_birds_on_pedestals.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Huit grands oiseaux sculpt\u00e9s dans la st\u00e9atite, perch\u00e9s sur des colonnes, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9s sur le site ; ils repr\u00e9sentaient sans doute les anc\u00eatres royaux. Emport\u00e9s en Afrique du Sud au XIXe si\u00e8cle, la plupart ont \u00e9t\u00e9 restitu\u00e9s. L&rsquo;oiseau du Zimbabwe figure aujourd&rsquo;hui sur le drapeau national.<\/p>\n<h3>Les peintures du Matobo et la sculpture shona<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Zimbabwe_Closeup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3a\/Great_Zimbabwe_Closeup.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Grand Zimbabwe\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Le Grand Zimbabwe <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Zimbabwe_Closeup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les collines granitiques du Matobo abritent l&rsquo;une des plus fortes concentrations de peintures rupestres d&rsquo;Afrique australe, \u0153uvres des chasseurs-cueilleurs san. Au XXe si\u00e8cle, \u00e0 l&rsquo;atelier fond\u00e9 en 1957 par Frank McEwen \u00e0 Harare, des sculpteurs comme <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicholas_Mukomberanwa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nicholas Mukomberanwa<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Munyaradzi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Henry Munyaradzi<\/a> cr\u00e9ent la sculpture shona moderne, taill\u00e9e dans la serpentine. Ces \u0153uvres ne sont pas dans le domaine public.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>XIe-XVe s.<\/strong> \u2014 Grand Zimbabwe<\/li>\n<li><strong>1957<\/strong> \u2014 Atelier de Frank McEwen \u00e0 Salisbury (Harare)<\/li>\n<li><strong>1980<\/strong> \u2014 Ind\u00e9pendance du Zimbabwe<\/li>\n<li><strong>1986<\/strong> \u2014 Grand Zimbabwe au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>2003<\/strong> \u2014 Collines du Matobo au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great-Zimbabwe-6.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/19\/Great-Zimbabwe-6.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Grand Zimbabwe\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Le Grand Zimbabwe <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great-Zimbabwe-6.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Great+Zimbabwe+documentary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Grand Zimbabwe<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Shona+sculpture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La sculpture shona<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monument national du Grand Zimbabwe (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/306\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Collines du Matobo (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Peter Garlake, <em>Great Zimbabwe<\/em>, 1973.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/afrique-de-lest\/\">Afrique de l&rsquo;Est<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-africaine\/\">La Peinture Africaine<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Le Grand Zimbabwe, vue a\u00e9rienne, XIe-XVe si\u00e8cle, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art au Zimbabwe : le Grand Zimbabwe et la sculpture shona Le Zimbabwe tire son nom de la plus grande cit\u00e9 de pierre d&rsquo;Afrique subsaharienne, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32364,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31992","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;art au Zimbabwe : le Grand Zimbabwe et la sculpture shona - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Zimbabwe tire son nom de la plus grande cit\u00e9 de pierre d&#039;Afrique subsaharienne, le Grand Zimbabwe (\u00ab maisons de pierre \u00bb en shona). 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