{"id":31988,"date":"2026-11-02T05:41:11","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T04:41:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31988"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:20:15","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:20:15","slug":"tanzanie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/tanzanie\/","title":{"rendered":"Tanzanie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> La Grande Mosqu\u00e9e de Kilwa Kisiwani, XIe-XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Mosque_of_Kilwa_Kisiwani,_11th_-_18th_cents_(18)_(28991165761).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig 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0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art en Tanzanie : de Kondoa au Tingatinga<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">De l&rsquo;art rupestre de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kondoa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kondoa<\/a> aux ruines de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kilwa_Kisiwani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kilwa Kisiwani<\/a>, la plus puissante cit\u00e9 swahilie du Moyen \u00c2ge, des portes sculpt\u00e9es de <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zanzibar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zanzibar<\/a> aux sculptures makonde et \u00e0 la peinture na\u00efve et color\u00e9e du Tingatinga, la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tanzanie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tanzanie<\/a> offre l&rsquo;un des panoramas artistiques les plus vari\u00e9s d&rsquo;Afrique.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_(51508653095).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dc\/Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_%2851508653095%29.jpg\/1920px-Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_%2851508653095%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Peintures rupestres de Kondoa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Peintures rupestres de Kondoa <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_(51508653095).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Les peintures rupestres de Kondoa<\/h3>\n<p>Sur les escarpements de la vall\u00e9e du Rift, plus de 150 abris sous roche conservent des peintures datant de plusieurs milliers d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es : animaux, sc\u00e8nes de chasse et figures humaines allong\u00e9es, r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par des chasseurs-cueilleurs puis par des pasteurs. Certains sites sont encore utilis\u00e9s pour des rituels. Ils sont inscrits au patrimoine mondial depuis 2006.<\/p>\n<h3>Kilwa Kisiwani et Zanzibar<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Detail_of_Carved_Wooden_Door_-_Stone_Town_-_Zanzibar_-_Tanzania_(8841700340).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/54\/Detail_of_Carved_Wooden_Door_-_Stone_Town_-_Zanzibar_-_Tanzania_%288841700340%29.jpg\/1920px-Detail_of_Carved_Wooden_Door_-_Stone_Town_-_Zanzibar_-_Tanzania_%288841700340%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Porte sculpt\u00e9e de Zanzibar\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Porte sculpt\u00e9e de Stone Town, Zanzibar <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Detail_of_Carved_Wooden_Door_-_Stone_Town_-_Zanzibar_-_Tanzania_(8841700340).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au XIIIe-XIVe si\u00e8cle, Kilwa contr\u00f4le le commerce de l&rsquo;or du Zimbabwe ; le voyageur Ibn Battuta la d\u00e9crit en 1331 comme l&rsquo;une des plus belles villes du monde. Sa Grande Mosqu\u00e9e et le palais de Husuni Kubwa en t\u00e9moignent. \u00c0 Zanzibar, la ville de pierre (Stone Town) m\u00eale influences swahilies, arabes, indiennes et europ\u00e9ennes ; ses portes de bois sculpt\u00e9es et clout\u00e9es sont c\u00e9l\u00e8bres.<\/p>\n<h3>Le Tingatinga<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tingatinga_school_paintings.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/86\/Tingatinga_school_paintings.JPG\/1920px-Tingatinga_school_paintings.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Peintures tingatinga\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Peintures de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole Tingatinga <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tingatinga_school_paintings.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>En 1968, \u00e0 Dar es Salaam, Edward Saidi Tingatinga commence \u00e0 peindre \u00e0 la peinture de bicyclette, sur des carr\u00e9s de fibrociment, des animaux stylis\u00e9s aux couleurs \u00e9clatantes. Son style na\u00eff et d\u00e9coratif, transmis \u00e0 ses \u00e9l\u00e8ves apr\u00e8s sa mort en 1972, est devenu l&rsquo;un des arts populaires les plus connus d&rsquo;Afrique de l&rsquo;Est.<\/p>\n<h3>La sculpture makonde<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Makonde_sculpture_Ujamaa.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0e\/Makonde_sculpture_Ujamaa.jpg\/1920px-Makonde_sculpture_Ujamaa.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Sculpture makonde ujamaa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Sculpture makonde ujamaa <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Makonde_sculpture_Ujamaa.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les Makonde du sud de la Tanzanie et du nord du Mozambique sculptent l&rsquo;\u00e9b\u00e8ne avec une virtuosit\u00e9 remarquable. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1950-1960 naissent deux styles c\u00e9l\u00e8bres : les <em>ujamaa<\/em> (\u00ab arbre de vie \u00bb), colonnes de personnages enchev\u00eatr\u00e9s repr\u00e9sentant la famille et la communaut\u00e9, et les <em>shetani<\/em>, figures d&rsquo;esprits aux formes fantastiques.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les peintres de Kondoa<\/li>\n<li>Les b\u00e2tisseurs de Kilwa<\/li>\n<li>Edward Saidi Tingatinga (1932-1972)<\/li>\n<li>Les sculpteurs makonde<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_Lilanga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">George Lilanga<\/a> (1934-2005)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>plusieurs mill\u00e9naires av. J.-C.<\/strong> \u2014 Peintures de Kondoa<\/li>\n<li><strong>XIIIe-XIVe s.<\/strong> \u2014 Apog\u00e9e de Kilwa<\/li>\n<li><strong>1331<\/strong> \u2014 Ibn Battuta \u00e0 Kilwa<\/li>\n<li><strong>1961-1964<\/strong> \u2014 Ind\u00e9pendance du Tanganyika et union avec Zanzibar<\/li>\n<li><strong>1968<\/strong> \u2014 Naissance du Tingatinga<\/li>\n<li><strong>1981<\/strong> \u2014 Kilwa au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>2000<\/strong> \u2014 Stone Town au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>2006<\/strong> \u2014 Kondoa au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_(51507958568).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/52\/Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_%2851507958568%29.jpg\/1920px-Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_%2851507958568%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Kondoa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Peintures de Kondoa Irangi <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kondoa_Irangi_Rock_Paintings_(51507958568).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Mosque_Kilwa_Kisiwani.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d3\/Great_Mosque_Kilwa_Kisiwani.jpg\/1920px-Great_Mosque_Kilwa_Kisiwani.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Kilwa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>La Grande Mosqu\u00e9e de Kilwa Kisiwani <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Mosque_Kilwa_Kisiwani.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Rectangular_Carved_Door_Stone_Town_Oct26_A7CR_14405.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/06\/Rectangular_Carved_Door_Stone_Town_Oct26_A7CR_14405.jpg\/1920px-Rectangular_Carved_Door_Stone_Town_Oct26_A7CR_14405.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Porte de Zanzibar\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Porte de Stone Town <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Rectangular_Carved_Door_Stone_Town_Oct26_A7CR_14405.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Punda_Milia_Baba_na_Mama.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/62\/Punda_Milia_Baba_na_Mama.jpg\/1920px-Punda_Milia_Baba_na_Mama.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Tingatinga\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><em>Punda Milia<\/em>, Tingatinga <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Punda_Milia_Baba_na_Mama.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Makonde_sculpture_Shetani_01.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7e\/Makonde_sculpture_Shetani_01.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Shetani\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Sculpture makonde shetani <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Makonde_sculpture_Shetani_01.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Makonde_sculpture_Elephant.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/97\/Makonde_sculpture_Elephant.jpg\/1920px-Makonde_sculpture_Elephant.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"\u00c9l\u00e9phant makonde\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>\u00c9l\u00e9phant, sculpture makonde <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Makonde_sculpture_Elephant.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Tingatinga+painting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Tingatinga<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Kondoa+rock+art\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les peintures de Kondoa<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Kilwa+Kisiwani+ruins\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kilwa Kisiwani<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/1183\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sites d&rsquo;art rupestre de Kondoa (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/144\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kilwa Kisiwani (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/173\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ville de pierre de Zanzibar (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Mary Leakey, <em>Africa&rsquo;s Vanishing Art. The Rock Paintings of Tanzania<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/afrique-de-lest\/\">Afrique de l&rsquo;Est<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-africaine\/\">La Peinture Africaine<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : La Grande Mosqu\u00e9e de Kilwa Kisiwani, XIe-XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art en Tanzanie : de Kondoa au Tingatinga De l&rsquo;art rupestre de Kondoa aux ruines de Kilwa Kisiwani, la plus puissante cit\u00e9 swahilie du [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32355,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31988","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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