{"id":31924,"date":"2026-11-01T19:39:41","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:39:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31924"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:16:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:16:42","slug":"guinee-bissau","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/guinee-bissau\/","title":{"rendered":"Guin\u00e9e Bissau"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Masque en forme de buffle, Bijogo (Bissagos), British Museum (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mask_in_the_form_of_a_buffalo-Bijogo_(British_Museum)_(1).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art en Guin\u00e9e-Bissau : les masques des Bijogo<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Petit pays lusophone aux c\u00f4tes d\u00e9coup\u00e9es, la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guin%C3%A9e-Bissau\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guin\u00e9e-Bissau<\/a> poss\u00e8de un tr\u00e9sor naturel et culturel : l&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/archipel_des_Bissagos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archipel des Bijagos<\/a> (Bijag\u00f3s), dont les habitants, les Bijogo, ont conserv\u00e9 une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 matrilin\u00e9aire et un art du masque spectaculaire, repr\u00e9sentant taureaux, requins, poissons-scies et hippopotames.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Forte_de_Cacheu_4.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/11\/Forte_de_Cacheu_4.jpg\/1920px-Forte_de_Cacheu_4.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Fort de Cacheu\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Le fort de Cacheu, XVIe-XVIIe si\u00e8cle <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Forte_de_Cacheu_4.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Les masques des Bijogo<\/h3>\n<p>Lors des c\u00e9r\u00e9monies d&rsquo;initiation, les jeunes gens des Bissagos dansent avec des masques-heaumes de bois peint en forme de t\u00eate de b\u0153uf sauvage (<em>dugn&rsquo;be<\/em>), aux cornes v\u00e9ritables et aux yeux de verre, ou portent sur la t\u00eate des poissons-scies et des requins sculpt\u00e9s. Chaque classe d&rsquo;\u00e2ge poss\u00e8de ses masques, qui marquent le passage de l&rsquo;enfance \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge adulte. Les Bijogo sculptent aussi des figures d&rsquo;anc\u00eatres (<em>iran<\/em>) protectrices.<\/p>\n<h3>L&rsquo;archipel des Bissagos<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:AFR_V3_D231_Bissagos_Archipelago.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/73\/AFR_V3_D231_Bissagos_Archipelago.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Archipel des Bissagos\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>L&rsquo;archipel des Bissagos <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:AFR_V3_D231_Bissagos_Archipelago.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Compos\u00e9 de 88 \u00eeles, dont une vingtaine habit\u00e9es, l&rsquo;archipel est une r\u00e9serve de biosph\u00e8re de l&rsquo;UNESCO. La reine Okinka Pampa, qui r\u00e9gna sur l&rsquo;\u00eele d&rsquo;Orango au d\u00e9but du XXe si\u00e8cle, est une figure l\u00e9gendaire de la r\u00e9sistance bijogo.<\/p>\n<h3>Cacheu et le patrimoine colonial<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brooklyn_Museum_1992.69.3_Ox_Mask_Dugnbe.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/be\/Brooklyn_Museum_1992.69.3_Ox_Mask_Dugnbe.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Masque de b\u0153uf\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Masque de b\u0153uf (dugn&rsquo;be), Bijogo, Brooklyn Museum <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brooklyn_Museum_1992.69.3_Ox_Mask_Dugnbe.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le fort de Cacheu, construit par les Portugais en 1588, fut l&rsquo;un des premiers comptoirs europ\u00e9ens de la c\u00f4te ouest-africaine et un centre de la traite atlantique ; il abrite aujourd&rsquo;hui un m\u00e9morial de l&rsquo;esclavage.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les sculpteurs bijogo<\/li>\n<li>Les artistes du carnaval de Bissau<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1588<\/strong> \u2014 Fondation du fort de Cacheu<\/li>\n<li><strong>vers 1910-1930<\/strong> \u2014 R\u00e8gne de la reine Okinka Pampa \u00e0 Orango<\/li>\n<li><strong>1973-1974<\/strong> \u2014 Ind\u00e9pendance de la Guin\u00e9e-Bissau<\/li>\n<li><strong>1996<\/strong> \u2014 Les Bissagos, r\u00e9serve de biosph\u00e8re de l&rsquo;UNESCO<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mask_in_the_form_of_a_buffalo-Bijogo_(British_Museum)_(2).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/ab\/Mask_in_the_form_of_a_buffalo-Bijogo_%28British_Museum%29_%282%29.jpg\/1920px-Mask_in_the_form_of_a_buffalo-Bijogo_%28British_Museum%29_%282%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Masque de buffle\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Masque de buffle, British Museum <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mask_in_the_form_of_a_buffalo-Bijogo_(British_Museum)_(2).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bijag%C3%B3s_Mask_-_Raw_Cow_(XX_Century)_(31533492928).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2c\/Bijag%C3%B3s_Mask_-_Raw_Cow_%28XX_Century%29_%2831533492928%29.jpg\/1920px-Bijag%C3%B3s_Mask_-_Raw_Cow_%28XX_Century%29_%2831533492928%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Masque bijag\u00f3\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Masque \u00ab vache sauvage \u00bb, XXe si\u00e8cle <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bijag%C3%B3s_Mask_-_Raw_Cow_(XX_Century)_(31533492928).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Forte_de_Cacheu_3.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/91\/Forte_de_Cacheu_3.jpg\/1920px-Forte_de_Cacheu_3.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Fort de Cacheu\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Fort de Cacheu <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Forte_de_Cacheu_3.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Bijagos+Guin%C3%A9e-Bissau+documentaire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les Bijag\u00f3s<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Bijagos+masques+danse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les masques bijogo<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/fr\/mab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u00e9serve de biosph\u00e8re de Boloma-Bijag\u00f3s (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Danielle Gallois Duquette, <em>Dynamique de l&rsquo;art bidjogo<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/afrique-de-louest\/\">Afrique de l&rsquo;Ouest<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-africaine\/\">La Peinture Africaine<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Masque en forme de buffle, Bijogo (Bissagos), British Museum (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art en Guin\u00e9e-Bissau : les masques des Bijogo Petit pays lusophone aux c\u00f4tes d\u00e9coup\u00e9es, la Guin\u00e9e-Bissau poss\u00e8de un tr\u00e9sor naturel et culturel : l&rsquo;Archipel des Bijagos (Bijag\u00f3s), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32340,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31924","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;art en Guin\u00e9e-Bissau : les masques des Bijogo - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Petit pays lusophone aux c\u00f4tes d\u00e9coup\u00e9es, la Guin\u00e9e-Bissau poss\u00e8de un tr\u00e9sor naturel et culturel : l&#039;Archipel des Bijagos (Bijag\u00f3s), dont les habitants\u2026\" \/>\n<meta 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