{"id":31786,"date":"2026-11-01T09:31:03","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T08:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31786"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:01:55","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:01:55","slug":"bahrein","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/bahrein\/","title":{"rendered":"Bahre\u00efn"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn, ancien port et capitale de Dilmoun, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Qal%27at_al-Bahrain,_Karbabad,_Bar%C3%A9in,_2024-08-18,_DD_67.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art au Bahre\u00efn : Dilmoun, l&rsquo;\u00eele du paradis<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">L&rsquo;archipel de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahre%C3%AFn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bahre\u00efn<\/a> fut le c\u0153ur de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dilmoun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dilmoun<\/a>, civilisation de l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du bronze que les Sum\u00e9riens d\u00e9crivaient comme un paradis o\u00f9 \u00ab le lion ne tue pas \u00bb. Ses dizaines de milliers de tumulus fun\u00e9raires, son fort de Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn et ses sceaux sculpt\u00e9s t\u00e9moignent d&rsquo;une grande civilisation marchande, et ses p\u00eacheurs de perles firent sa fortune jusqu&rsquo;au XXe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Burial_Mounds_in_Bahrain_1918.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/80\/Burial_Mounds_in_Bahrain_1918.jpg\/1920px-Burial_Mounds_in_Bahrain_1918.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Tumulus de Bahre\u00efn, 1918\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Les tumulus fun\u00e9raires de Bahre\u00efn photographi\u00e9s en 1918 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Burial_Mounds_in_Bahrain_1918.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Dilmoun et ses tumulus<\/h3>\n<p>Entre 2200 et 1750 av. J.-C., Dilmoun contr\u00f4le le commerce entre la M\u00e9sopotamie et la vall\u00e9e de l&rsquo;Indus. Ses habitants ont \u00e9lev\u00e9 plus de 75 000 tumulus fun\u00e9raires, inscrits au patrimoine mondial en 2019. Les fouilles ont livr\u00e9 des sceaux circulaires grav\u00e9s de sc\u00e8nes mythologiques, de taureaux et de gazelles, un art propre \u00e0 cette civilisation.<\/p>\n<h3>Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn et la route des perles<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bahrain_Fort_March_2015.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/83\/Bahrain_Fort_March_2015.JPG\/1920px-Bahrain_Fort_March_2015.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Qal'at al-Bahre\u00efn\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Le fort de Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bahrain_Fort_March_2015.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le site de Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn, habit\u00e9 pendant 4 000 ans, fut le port et la capitale de Dilmoun avant de recevoir un fort portugais au XVIe si\u00e8cle. La p\u00eache aux perles, pratiqu\u00e9e jusqu&rsquo;aux ann\u00e9es 1930, a laiss\u00e9 \u00e0 Muharraq un \u00ab chemin de la perle \u00bb de maisons de marchands restaur\u00e9es, lui aussi inscrit au patrimoine mondial.<\/p>\n<h3>Le mus\u00e9e national<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Land_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/77\/Land_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg\/1920px-Land_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Mus\u00e9e national de Bahre\u00efn\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>\u00ab Le pays de Dilmoun \u00bb, mus\u00e9e national de Bahre\u00efn <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Land_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Le mus\u00e9e national de Bahre\u00efn, ouvert en 1988, pr\u00e9sente les tr\u00e9sors de Dilmoun et les traditions de l&rsquo;\u00eele. Des artistes comme <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdullah_Al_Muharraqi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abdullah al-Muharraqi<\/a> et Rashid Al Khalifa ont fond\u00e9 l&rsquo;art moderne bahre\u00efni.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les graveurs de sceaux de Dilmoun<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abdullah_Al_Muharraqi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abdullah al-Muharraqi<\/a> (n\u00e9 en 1939)<\/li>\n<li>Rashid Al Khalifa (n\u00e9 en 1952)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>2200-1750 av. J.-C.<\/strong> \u2014 Apog\u00e9e de Dilmoun<\/li>\n<li><strong>XVIe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> \u2014 Fort portugais de Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn<\/li>\n<li><strong>1971<\/strong> \u2014 Ind\u00e9pendance de Bahre\u00efn<\/li>\n<li><strong>2005<\/strong> \u2014 Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>2012<\/strong> \u2014 Le chemin de la perle au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>2019<\/strong> \u2014 Les tumulus de Dilmoun au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bahrein.-site_1542_0004.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/02\/Bahrein.-site_1542_0004.jpg\/1920px-Bahrein.-site_1542_0004.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Tumulus de Dilmoun\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Tumulus de Dilmoun <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bahrein.-site_1542_0004.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 1.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Manama_Bahrain_National_Museum_Interior_Traditional_Trades_%26_Crafts_Hall_02.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/61\/Manama_Bahrain_National_Museum_Interior_Traditional_Trades_%26_Crafts_Hall_02.jpg\/1920px-Manama_Bahrain_National_Museum_Interior_Traditional_Trades_%26_Crafts_Hall_02.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Mus\u00e9e national\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Mus\u00e9e national de Bahre\u00efn, maison traditionnelle <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Manama_Bahrain_National_Museum_Interior_Traditional_Trades_%26_Crafts_Hall_02.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Door_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0e\/Door_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg\/1920px-Door_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Porte de Dilmoun\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Porte de Dilmoun, mus\u00e9e national <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Door_of_Dilmun._Bahrain_National_Museum._Garaizabal._2024.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Qal%27at_al-Bahrain,_Karbabad,_Bar%C3%A9in,_2024-08-18,_DD_68.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/78\/Qal%27at_al-Bahrain%2C_Karbabad%2C_Bar%C3%A9in%2C_2024-08-18%2C_DD_68.jpg\/1920px-Qal%27at_al-Bahrain%2C_Karbabad%2C_Bar%C3%A9in%2C_2024-08-18%2C_DD_68.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Qal'at al-Bahre\u00efn\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Qal%27at_al-Bahrain,_Karbabad,_Bar%C3%A9in,_2024-08-18,_DD_68.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Dilmun+civilization+documentary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dilmoun<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Qal'at+al-Bahrain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/1192\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/1542\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tumulus de Dilmoun (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Geoffrey Bibby, <em>Looking for Dilmun<\/em>, 1969.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-au-moyen-orient\/\">La peinture au Moyen-Orient<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Qal&rsquo;at al-Bahre\u00efn, ancien port et capitale de Dilmoun, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art au Bahre\u00efn : Dilmoun, l&rsquo;\u00eele du paradis L&rsquo;archipel de Bahre\u00efn fut le c\u0153ur de Dilmoun, civilisation de l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du bronze que les Sum\u00e9riens [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32278,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31786","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site 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