{"id":31778,"date":"2026-11-01T09:27:04","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T08:27:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31778"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:00:57","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:00:57","slug":"yemen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/yemen\/","title":{"rendered":"Yemen"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Shibam, la \u00ab Manhattan du d\u00e9sert \u00bb, Hadramaout, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Shibam_Hadramaut_1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art au Y\u00e9men : le royaume de Saba et les villes de terre<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">L&rsquo;Arabie heureuse des Anciens, le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yemen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Y\u00e9men<\/a>, fut le royaume de la l\u00e9gendaire <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/reine_de_Saba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reine de Saba<\/a> et la terre de l&rsquo;encens et de la myrrhe. Ses temples sab\u00e9ens, ses sculptures d&rsquo;alb\u00e2tre, ses tours de terre de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shibam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shibam<\/a> et les maisons d\u00e9cor\u00e9es de la vieille ville de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sanaa<\/a> forment l&rsquo;un des patrimoines les plus originaux du monde, aujourd&rsquo;hui gravement menac\u00e9 par la guerre.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sana%27a_Old_City,_Yemen_(12652620853).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/3c\/Sana%27a_Old_City%2C_Yemen_%2812652620853%29.jpg\/1920px-Sana%27a_Old_City%2C_Yemen_%2812652620853%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Vieille ville de Sanaa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Les maisons-tours de la vieille ville de Sanaa <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sana%27a_Old_City,_Yemen_(12652620853).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Le royaume de Saba<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Awwam_Temple.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/ff\/Awwam_Temple.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Temple d'Awwam, Marib\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Le temple d&rsquo;Awwam (Mahram Bilqis), Marib <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Awwam_Temple.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Du Ier mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C. au VIe si\u00e8cle, les royaumes de Saba, de Qataban et d&rsquo;Himyar s&rsquo;enrichissent du commerce de l&rsquo;encens. \u00c0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marib\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marib<\/a>, le grand barrage et le temple d&rsquo;Awwam, d\u00e9di\u00e9 au dieu-lune Almaqah, t\u00e9moignent de leur puissance. Les sculpteurs sab\u00e9ens r\u00e9alisent des t\u00eates et des statuettes d&rsquo;alb\u00e2tre aux grands yeux incrust\u00e9s, d&rsquo;un style tr\u00e8s particulier.<\/p>\n<h3>Shibam et Sanaa, les villes de terre<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tower-House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_(2286782876).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e3\/Tower-House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_%282286782876%29.jpg\/1920px-Tower-House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_%282286782876%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Maison-tour de Sanaa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Maison-tour de la vieille ville de Sanaa <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tower-House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_(2286782876).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Dans la vall\u00e9e de l&rsquo;Hadramaout, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shibam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shibam<\/a> dresse depuis le XVIe si\u00e8cle ses quelque cinq cents maisons-tours de briques crues, hautes de cinq \u00e0 onze \u00e9tages : la \u00ab Manhattan du d\u00e9sert \u00bb. \u00c0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sanaa<\/a>, les maisons de pierre et de brique, d\u00e9cor\u00e9es de frises blanches et de fen\u00eatres d&rsquo;alb\u00e2tre et de vitraux color\u00e9s (<em>qamariya<\/em>), forment l&rsquo;une des plus anciennes villes habit\u00e9es du monde.<\/p>\n<h3>Le Y\u00e9men photographi\u00e9<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Jews_of_Maswar_(Yemen),_1902.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c5\/Jews_of_Maswar_%28Yemen%29%2C_1902.jpg\/1920px-Jews_of_Maswar_%28Yemen%29%2C_1902.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Hermann Burchardt, Juifs de Maswar\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Hermann Burchardt, <em>Juifs de Maswar<\/em>, 1902 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Jews_of_Maswar_(Yemen),_1902.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au d\u00e9but du XXe si\u00e8cle, le photographe allemand <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hermann_Burchardt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hermann Burchardt<\/a> parcourt le Y\u00e9men et en rapporte des centaines de photographies uniques : villes, monuments, communaut\u00e9s juives et musulmanes. Il est assassin\u00e9 dans le pays en 1909.<\/p>\n<h3>Les arts du Y\u00e9men<\/h3>\n<p>Le Y\u00e9men est r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour son orf\u00e8vrerie d&rsquo;argent, notamment celle des artisans juifs de Sanaa, ses poignards (<em>janbiya<\/em>), ses textiles et ses manuscrits. Au XXe si\u00e8cle, des peintres comme <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hashem_Ali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hashem Ali<\/a> et Fuad al-Futaih fondent une peinture moderne y\u00e9m\u00e9nite.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les sculpteurs sab\u00e9ens et himyarites<\/li>\n<li>Les b\u00e2tisseurs de Shibam et de Sanaa<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hermann_Burchardt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hermann Burchardt<\/a> (1857-1909), photographe<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hashem_Ali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hashem Ali<\/a> (1945-2009)<\/li>\n<li>Fuad al-Futaih (n\u00e9 en 1948)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>VIIIe s. av. J.-C.<\/strong> \u2014 Royaume de Saba, barrage de Marib<\/li>\n<li><strong>VIe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> \u2014 Fin du royaume d&rsquo;Himyar<\/li>\n<li><strong>XVIe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> \u2014 Reconstruction de Shibam<\/li>\n<li><strong>1982<\/strong> \u2014 Shibam au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>1986<\/strong> \u2014 Vieille ville de Sanaa au patrimoine mondial<\/li>\n<li><strong>2015<\/strong> \u2014 Patrimoine en p\u00e9ril \u00e0 cause de la guerre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Shibam_Hadramaut_2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Shibam_Hadramaut_2.jpg\/1920px-Shibam_Hadramaut_2.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Shibam\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Shibam, Hadramaout <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Shibam_Hadramaut_2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tower_House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_(2286819294).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/be\/Tower_House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_%282286819294%29.jpg\/1920px-Tower_House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_%282286819294%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Sanaa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Maisons de Sanaa <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tower_House_in_the_Old_City_of_Sana%27a_(2286819294).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bar%27an_temple_1986-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/10\/Bar%27an_temple_1986-1.jpg\/1920px-Bar%27an_temple_1986-1.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Temple de Bar'an\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Temple de Bar&rsquo;an, Marib, 1986 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bar%27an_temple_1986-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:City_of_Rada%27a,_Yemen,_1909.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ee\/City_of_Rada%27a%2C_Yemen%2C_1909.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Rada'a, 1909\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Hermann Burchardt, <em>La ville de Rada&rsquo;a<\/em>, 1909 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:City_of_Rada%27a,_Yemen,_1909.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yemenite_Jews_studying_Torah_in_Sana%27a.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/cc\/Yemenite_Jews_studying_Torah_in_Sana%27a.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"\u00c9tude de la Torah \u00e0 Sanaa\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Juifs y\u00e9m\u00e9nites \u00e9tudiant la Torah \u00e0 Sanaa <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Yemenite_Jews_studying_Torah_in_Sana%27a.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Shibam+Hadramaut+documentary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shibam, la Manhattan du d\u00e9sert<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Old+City+of+Sanaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La vieille ville de Sanaa<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=kingdom+of+Saba+Marib\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le royaume de Saba<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/385\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vieille ville de Sanaa (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/192\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ancienne ville de Shibam (UNESCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Christian Robin et Burkhard Vogt (dir.), <em>Y\u00e9men, au pays de la reine de Saba<\/em>, Institut du monde arabe, 1997.<\/li>\n<li>Ronald Lewcock, <em>The Old Walled City of Shibam<\/em>, 1986.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-au-moyen-orient\/\">La peinture au Moyen-Orient<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Shibam, la \u00ab Manhattan du d\u00e9sert \u00bb, Hadramaout, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art au Y\u00e9men : le royaume de Saba et les villes de terre L&rsquo;Arabie heureuse des Anciens, le Y\u00e9men, fut le royaume de la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32270,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31778","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;art au Y\u00e9men : le royaume de Saba et les villes de terre - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L&#039;Arabie heureuse des Anciens, le Y\u00e9men, fut le royaume de la 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