{"id":31760,"date":"2026-11-01T09:20:32","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T08:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=31760"},"modified":"2026-11-04T15:12:19","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T14:12:19","slug":"la-syrie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-syrie\/","title":{"rendered":"La Syrie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> Mosa\u00efques de la Grande Mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades, Damas, VIIIe si\u00e8cle (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:8th_century_mosaics,_Umayyad_Mosque,_Damascus._(4708089376).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">L&rsquo;art en Syrie : des fresques de Doura-Europos aux mosa\u00efques des Omeyyades<\/h2>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Carrefour de toutes les civilisations du Proche-Orient, la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syrie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Syrie<\/a> poss\u00e8de l&rsquo;un des patrimoines artistiques les plus anciens et les plus riches du monde : portraits fun\u00e9raires de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palmyre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Palmyre<\/a>, fresques de la synagogue de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doura-Europos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Doura Europos<\/a>, mosa\u00efques \u00e9tincelantes de la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_des_Omeyyades\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grande Mosqu\u00e9e de Damas<\/a>, verres \u00e9maill\u00e9s et boiseries peintes de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Damas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Damas<\/a> et d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alep\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alep<\/a>. Elle a aussi fascin\u00e9 les peintres orientalistes europ\u00e9ens du XIXe si\u00e8cle. Une partie de ce patrimoine a \u00e9t\u00e9 gravement endommag\u00e9e pendant la guerre civile commenc\u00e9e en 2011.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Funerary_Portraits_Palmyra.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/42\/Funerary_Portraits_Palmyra.jpg\/1920px-Funerary_Portraits_Palmyra.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Portraits fun\u00e9raires de Palmyre\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Portraits fun\u00e9raires de Palmyre, IIe-IIIe si\u00e8cle <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Funerary_Portraits_Palmyra.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Palmyre et Doura-Europos<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Dura_Europos_fresco_worshipping_gold_calf.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1b\/Dura_Europos_fresco_worshipping_gold_calf.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Doura-Europos, fresque de la synagogue\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Fresque de la synagogue de Doura-Europos : l&rsquo;adoration du veau d&rsquo;or, vers 245, mus\u00e9e national de Damas <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Dura_Europos_fresco_worshipping_gold_calf.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Dans la cit\u00e9 caravani\u00e8re de Palmyre, les riches marchands se faisaient repr\u00e9senter sur des bustes fun\u00e9raires sculpt\u00e9s, aux regards fixes, par\u00e9s de bijoux : un art m\u00ealant influences grecques, romaines et parthes. Plus \u00e0 l&rsquo;est, sur l&rsquo;Euphrate, les fouilles de Doura-Europos ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 en 1932 une synagogue du IIIe si\u00e8cle enti\u00e8rement couverte de fresques racontant l&rsquo;histoire biblique (Mo\u00efse, Aaron, le veau d&rsquo;or) : une d\u00e9couverte qui a boulevers\u00e9 l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;art juif. La m\u00eame ville abrite la plus ancienne \u00e9glise-maison chr\u00e9tienne connue, avec ses peintures murales.<\/p>\n<h3>Les mosa\u00efques des Omeyyades<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Damascus,_Umayyad_Mosque,_mosaics_(6362310861).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0b\/Damascus%2C_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_mosaics_%286362310861%29.jpg\/1920px-Damascus%2C_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_mosaics_%286362310861%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Mosa\u00efques de la mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Mosa\u00efques de la Grande Mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades, VIIIe si\u00e8cle <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Damascus,_Umayyad_Mosque,_mosaics_(6362310861).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>En 705, le calife <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Walid_Ier\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Al-Walid Ier<\/a> fait construire \u00e0 Damas la Grande Mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades. Des mosa\u00efstes, probablement byzantins, couvrent ses murs de fonds d&rsquo;or o\u00f9 se d\u00e9ploient des paysages paradisiaques : rivi\u00e8res, arbres immenses, palais et villages, sans aucune figure humaine. Ces mosa\u00efques, parmi les plus vastes du monde m\u00e9di\u00e9val, inaugurent l&rsquo;art islamique.<\/p>\n<h3>Les palais du d\u00e9sert<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Musicians_and_hunting_cvalier,_circa_730_CE._Floor_fresco_from_Qasr_al-Hayr_al-Gharbi,_Syria._National_Museum,_Damascus.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b2\/Musicians_and_hunting_cvalier%2C_circa_730_CE._Floor_fresco_from_Qasr_al-Hayr_al-Gharbi%2C_Syria._National_Museum%2C_Damascus.jpg\/1920px-Musicians_and_hunting_cvalier%2C_circa_730_CE._Floor_fresco_from_Qasr_al-Hayr_al-Gharbi%2C_Syria._National_Museum%2C_Damascus.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Musiciens et cavalier chasseur, peinture de Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi, vers 730 <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Musicians_and_hunting_cvalier,_circa_730_CE._Floor_fresco_from_Qasr_al-Hayr_al-Gharbi,_Syria._National_Museum,_Damascus.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Les califes omeyyades construisent dans le d\u00e9sert des ch\u00e2teaux de plaisance d\u00e9cor\u00e9s de fresques et de stucs o\u00f9, contrairement aux mosqu\u00e9es, la figure humaine est partout : musiciens, danseuses, chasseurs. La fa\u00e7ade et les peintures de <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qasr_al-Hayr_al-Gharbi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi<\/a> sont aujourd&rsquo;hui reconstitu\u00e9es au mus\u00e9e national de Damas.<\/p>\n<h3>Les arts de Damas et d&rsquo;Alep<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Damascus_Room_MET_DP240367.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e3\/Damascus_Room_MET_DP240367.jpg\/1920px-Damascus_Room_MET_DP240367.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Chambre de Damas\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>La <em>Chambre de Damas<\/em>, 1707, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Damascus_Room_MET_DP240367.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au Moyen \u00c2ge, Damas et Alep sont c\u00e9l\u00e8bres pour leurs verres \u00e9maill\u00e9s et dor\u00e9s, leurs m\u00e9taux incrust\u00e9s d&rsquo;argent et leurs c\u00e9ramiques. Aux XVIIe et XVIIIe si\u00e8cles, les maisons des riches familles s&rsquo;ornent de salons lambriss\u00e9s de bois peint et dor\u00e9, les <em>qa&rsquo;a<\/em> : la chambre de Damas du Metropolitan Museum de New York (1707) et la chambre d&rsquo;Alep du mus\u00e9e de Berlin en sont des exemples \u00e9blouissants. Au XIXe si\u00e8cle se d\u00e9veloppe une peinture d&rsquo;ic\u00f4nes de grande qualit\u00e9 \u00e0 Alep et \u00e0 Damas.<\/p>\n<h3>Les orientalistes et la peinture moderne<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_The_Gate_Of_The_Great_Umayyad_Mosque,_Damascus.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4f\/Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_The_Gate_Of_The_Great_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg\/1920px-Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_The_Gate_Of_The_Great_Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Gustav Bauernfeind, Porte de la Grande Mosqu\u00e9e\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Gustav Bauernfeind, <em>La Porte de la Grande Mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades, Damas<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_The_Gate_Of_The_Great_Umayyad_Mosque,_Damascus.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Au XIXe si\u00e8cle, Damas, \u00ab perle de l&rsquo;Orient \u00bb, attire les peintres europ\u00e9ens : l&rsquo;Allemand <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustav_Bauernfeind\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gustav Bauernfeind<\/a> peint ses rues et ses mosqu\u00e9es avec une exactitude photographique, l&rsquo;Anglais <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frederic_Leighton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Frederic Leighton<\/a> y fait un s\u00e9jour d\u00e9cisif. Au XXe si\u00e8cle, des peintres syriens comme <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louay_Kayyali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Louay Kayyali<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fateh_Moudarres\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fateh Moudarres<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwan_Kassab-Bachi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marwan Kassab-Bachi<\/a> cr\u00e9ent une peinture moderne puissante, nourrie de l&rsquo;histoire tragique du pays. Leurs \u0153uvres ne sont pas encore dans le domaine public.<\/p>\n<h3>Les grands artistes<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les sculpteurs fun\u00e9raires de Palmyre (Ier-IIIe si\u00e8cles)<\/li>\n<li>Les peintres de la synagogue de Doura-Europos (IIIe si\u00e8cle)<\/li>\n<li>Les mosa\u00efstes de la mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades (VIIIe si\u00e8cle)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustav_Bauernfeind\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gustav Bauernfeind<\/a> (1848-1904)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frederic_Leighton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Frederic Leighton<\/a> (1830-1896)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louay_Kayyali\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Louay Kayyali<\/a> (1934-1978)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fateh_Moudarres\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fateh Moudarres<\/a> (1922-1999)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwan_Kassab-Bachi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marwan Kassab-Bachi<\/a> (1934-2016)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>Ier-IIIe s.<\/strong> \u2014 Apog\u00e9e de Palmyre<\/li>\n<li><strong>vers 245<\/strong> \u2014 Fresques de la synagogue de Doura-Europos<\/li>\n<li><strong>705-715<\/strong> \u2014 Grande Mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades \u00e0 Damas<\/li>\n<li><strong>vers 727<\/strong> \u2014 Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi<\/li>\n<li><strong>XIIIe-XIVe s.<\/strong> \u2014 \u00c2ge d&rsquo;or du verre \u00e9maill\u00e9 de Damas et d&rsquo;Alep<\/li>\n<li><strong>1707<\/strong> \u2014 La Chambre de Damas<\/li>\n<li><strong>1932<\/strong> \u2014 D\u00e9couverte de la synagogue de Doura-Europos<\/li>\n<li><strong>2011<\/strong> \u2014 D\u00e9but de la guerre civile ; destructions \u00e0 Palmyre (2015)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Funerary_relief_of_Habe_and_Marthon,_Palmyra,Syria.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/44\/Funerary_relief_of_Habe_and_Marthon%2C_Palmyra%2CSyria.jpg\/1920px-Funerary_relief_of_Habe_and_Marthon%2C_Palmyra%2CSyria.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Relief fun\u00e9raire de Palmyre\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Relief fun\u00e9raire de Hab\u00e9 et Marthon, Palmyre <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Funerary_relief_of_Habe_and_Marthon,_Palmyra,Syria.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Atenatan_and_Salmat,_funerary_portraits_of_the_couple,_from_Palmyra,_AD_135-150_-_Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptotek,_Copenhagen,_20220618_1118_7086.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/2d\/Atenatan_and_Salmat%2C_funerary_portraits_of_the_couple%2C_from_Palmyra%2C_AD_135-150_-_Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptotek%2C_Copenhagen%2C_20220618_1118_7086.jpg\/1920px-Atenatan_and_Salmat%2C_funerary_portraits_of_the_couple%2C_from_Palmyra%2C_AD_135-150_-_Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptotek%2C_Copenhagen%2C_20220618_1118_7086.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Portraits fun\u00e9raires de Palmyre\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Atenatan et Salmat, portraits fun\u00e9raires de Palmyre <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Atenatan_and_Salmat,_funerary_portraits_of_the_couple,_from_Palmyra,_AD_135-150_-_Ny_Carlsberg_Glyptotek,_Copenhagen,_20220618_1118_7086.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Aaron_in_Dura_Europos_synagogue.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b4\/Aaron_in_Dura_Europos_synagogue.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Aaron, Doura-Europos\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Aaron, fresque de la synagogue de Doura-Europos <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Aaron_in_Dura_Europos_synagogue.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Damascus_Room_-_MET_-_Joy_of_Museums.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/01\/Damascus_Room_-_MET_-_Joy_of_Museums.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Chambre de Damas\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>La <em>Chambre de Damas<\/em>, d\u00e9tail <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Damascus_Room_-_MET_-_Joy_of_Museums.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_Warden_of_the_Mosque,_Damascus_(1891)_(HQ_image).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/64\/Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_Warden_of_the_Mosque%2C_Damascus_%281891%29_%28HQ_image%29.jpg\/1920px-Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_Warden_of_the_Mosque%2C_Damascus_%281891%29_%28HQ_image%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Gustav Bauernfeind\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Gustav Bauernfeind, <em>Le Gardien de la mosqu\u00e9e, Damas<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_Warden_of_the_Mosque,_Damascus_(1891)_(HQ_image).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_A_Street_Scene,_Damascus_(Sotheby%27s,_ShafikGabrCollection)_001l2010.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/df\/Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_A_Street_Scene%2C_Damascus_%28Sotheby%27s%2C_ShafikGabrCollection%29_001l2010.jpg\/1920px-Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_A_Street_Scene%2C_Damascus_%28Sotheby%27s%2C_ShafikGabrCollection%29_001l2010.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Gustav Bauernfeind\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Gustav Bauernfeind, <em>Sc\u00e8ne de rue \u00e0 Damas<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gustav_Bauernfeind_-_A_Street_Scene,_Damascus_(Sotheby%27s,_ShafikGabrCollection)_001l2010.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Frederic_Leighton_(1830-1896)_-_A_Street_in_Damascus_-_LH0421_-_Leighton_House.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7e\/Frederic_Leighton_%281830-1896%29_-_A_Street_in_Damascus_-_LH0421_-_Leighton_House.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Frederic Leighton\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption>Frederic Leighton, <em>Une rue de Damas<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Frederic_Leighton_(1830-1896)_-_A_Street_in_Damascus_-_LH0421_-_Leighton_House.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Dura+Europos+synagogue+paintings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les fresques de Doura-Europos<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Umayyad+Mosque+Damascus+mosaics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Palmyra+documentary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Palmyre<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Damascus+Room+Metropolitan+Museum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Chambre de Damas au Metropolitan Museum<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00c0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger (livres du domaine public, PDF)<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/excavationsatdur1929rost\/excavationsatdur1929rost.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 Michael Rostovtzeff (dir.), <em>The Excavations at Dura-Europos<\/em>, rapport pr\u00e9liminaire (en anglais) (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/excavationsatdur1929rost\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/excavationsatdur0003unse\/excavationsatdur0003unse.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 <em>The Excavations at Dura-Europos<\/em>, rapport pr\u00e9liminaire de la saison 1929-1930 (en anglais) (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/excavationsatdur0003unse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/artgallery.yale.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Doura-Europos, Yale University Art Gallery (en anglais)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/23\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Palmyre, patrimoine mondial de l&rsquo;UNESCO<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Ernest Will, <em>Les Palmyr\u00e9niens<\/em>, 1992.<\/li>\n<li>Carl H. Kraeling, <em>The Synagogue (Excavations at Dura-Europos)<\/em>, 1956.<\/li>\n<li>Marguerite van Berchem, <em>The Mosaics of the Great Mosque of Damascus<\/em>, 1932.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/chronologie-des-mouvements-artistiques\/\">Chronologie des mouvements artistiques<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-peinture-au-moyen-orient\/\">La peinture au Moyen-Orient<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-arts\/\">Les Arts<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : Mosa\u00efques de la Grande Mosqu\u00e9e des Omeyyades, Damas, VIIIe si\u00e8cle (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres L&rsquo;art en Syrie : des fresques de Doura-Europos aux mosa\u00efques des Omeyyades Carrefour de toutes les civilisations du Proche-Orient, la Syrie poss\u00e8de l&rsquo;un des patrimoines artistiques [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32244,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31760","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - 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