{"id":31493,"date":"2026-10-31T00:07:12","date_gmt":"2026-10-30T23:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/"},"modified":"2026-10-31T00:09:23","modified_gmt":"2026-10-30T23:09:23","slug":"piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/","title":{"rendered":"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opa-ref\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 0.85em; line-height: 1.5;\"><em><strong>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate :<\/strong> <strong>D\u00e9cor du II<sup>e<\/sup> acte du <em>Lac des cygnes<\/em><\/strong> (le lac au clair de lune) pour la production de Marius Petipa et Lev Ivanov au th\u00e9\u00e2tre Mariinsky de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg, 1895 (<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:SwanLake_1895_set_for_second_act.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-soutien\" style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 0 1.6em;\">\n<form style=\"display: inline-block; margin: 0 0 .4em;\" action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/><input style=\"border: 0;\" title=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" alt=\"Faire un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><\/form>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 0.9em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/soutenir\/\">Soutenir mon travail<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/abonnements\/\">Tout lire sans limite<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Mes livres<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<style>.opa-art{font-size:1.04em;line-height:1.75}.opa-art h2{margin-top:1.6em}.opa-art h3{margin-top:1.8em;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-fig{position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1000px,94vw);margin:2.2em 0}.opa-fig img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-width:none!important;display:block;box-shadow:0 10px 34px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:3px}.opa-fig figcaption{max-width:720px;margin:.8em auto 0;font-size:.82em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;opacity:.8}.opa-lettrine:first-letter{float:left;font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:3.4em;line-height:.9;padding:.05em .12em 0 0;color:#7a1f2b}.opa-biblio{font-size:.92em}<\/style>\n<style>.opa-gal{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:1.6em 0;position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);width:min(1100px,94vw);background:#fbf8f3;padding:18px;border-radius:8px;box-sizing:border-box;color:#222}.opa-gal figure{margin:0}.opa-gal img{width:100%!important;height:220px!important;object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.opa-gal figcaption{font-size:.78em;line-height:1.4;margin-top:.4em;opacity:.9}.opa-vidbox{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;margin:1.2em 0;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}.opa-vidbox iframe,.opa-vidbox video{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0}.opa-dl li{margin:.4em 0}.opa-dl a{font-weight:600}<\/style>\n<div class=\"opa-art\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe<\/h2>\n<style>.opa-audio{margin:.8em 0 1.4em}.opa-audio audio{width:100%}.opa-audio-cap{font-size:.78em;margin-top:.3em;opacity:.85}.opa-chrono li{margin:.3em 0}<\/style>\n<p class=\"opa-lettrine\">Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piotr_Ilitch_Tcha%C3%AFkovski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski<\/a> (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie profonde, a uni l\u2019\u00e2me russe et la tradition occidentale dans des \u0153uvres d\u2019un lyrisme irr\u00e9sistible : les ballets <em>Le Lac des cygnes<\/em>, <em>La Belle au bois dormant<\/em> et <em>Casse-Noisette<\/em>, le <em>Premier Concerto pour piano<\/em>, le <em>Concerto pour violon<\/em>, l\u2019op\u00e9ra <em>Eug\u00e8ne On\u00e9guine<\/em> et la bouleversante <em>Symphonie \u00ab Path\u00e9tique \u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tchaikovsky_by_Reutlinger_(cropped).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/20\/Tchaikovsky_by_Reutlinger_%28cropped%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Tcha\u00efkovski\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski<\/strong>, photographie de l\u2019atelier Reutlinger, Paris, vers 1888. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tchaikovsky_by_Reutlinger_(cropped).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Du fonctionnaire au musicien (1840-1866)<\/h3>\n<p>Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski na\u00eet le 7 mai 1840 \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Votkinsk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Votkinsk<\/a>, dans l\u2019Oural, o\u00f9 son p\u00e8re dirige une usine m\u00e9tallurgique. Enfant hypersensible, il apprend le piano avec une gouvernante fran\u00e7aise, Fanny D\u00fcrbach, qui l\u2019appelle \u00ab l\u2019enfant de verre \u00bb. Envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole imp\u00e9riale de jurisprudence de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint-P%C3%A9tersbourg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg<\/a>, il perd sa m\u00e8re, emport\u00e9e par le chol\u00e9ra en 1854 \u2014 un deuil dont il ne se remettra jamais. Fonctionnaire au minist\u00e8re de la Justice, il s\u2019inscrit en 1862 au tout nouveau <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conservatoire_de_Saint-P%C3%A9tersbourg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conservatoire de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg<\/a>, fond\u00e9 par <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anton_Rubinstein\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anton Rubinstein<\/a>, et quitte l\u2019administration pour la musique. Dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 en 1865, il est appel\u00e9 l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante par Nikola\u00ef Rubinstein, fr\u00e8re d\u2019Anton, comme professeur d\u2019harmonie au nouveau <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conservatoire_Tcha%C3%AFkovski_de_Moscou\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conservatoire de Moscou<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Les ann\u00e9es de Moscou (1866-1877)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c0 Moscou, Tcha\u00efkovski compose sa <em>Premi\u00e8re Symphonie \u00ab R\u00eaves d\u2019hiver \u00bb<\/em> (1866) et l\u2019ouverture-fantaisie <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rom%C3%A9o_et_Juliette_(Tcha%C3%AFkovski)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rom\u00e9o et Juliette<\/a><\/em> (1869), sur les conseils de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mili_Balakirev\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mili Balakirev<\/a>, chef du <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Groupe_des_Cinq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Groupe des Cinq<\/a>. Son <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concerto_pour_piano_no_1_de_Tcha%C3%AFkovski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Concerto pour piano no 1<\/a><\/em> (1875), jug\u00e9 injouable par Nikola\u00ef Rubinstein, est cr\u00e9\u00e9 triomphalement \u00e0 Boston par <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hans_von_B%C3%BClow_(chef_d'orchestre)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hans von B\u00fclow<\/a>. En 1877, le Bolcho\u00ef cr\u00e9e <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Le_Lac_des_cygnes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Lac des cygnes<\/a><\/em>, son premier ballet, d\u2019abord mal compris : il ne triomphera qu\u2019en 1895, dans la nouvelle chor\u00e9graphie de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marius_Petipa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marius Petipa<\/a> et Lev Ivanov, apr\u00e8s la mort du compositeur.<\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio\"><audio controls preload=\"none\" style=\"width:100%\"><source src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9f\/Tchaikovsky_-_Piano_Concerto_No._1_%28first_movement_cadenza%29.ogg\"><source src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/9f\/Tchaikovsky_-_Piano_Concerto_No._1_%28first_movement_cadenza%29.ogg\/Tchaikovsky_-_Piano_Concerto_No._1_%28first_movement_cadenza%29.ogg.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio-cap\">Tcha\u00efkovski, <em>Concerto pour piano n<sup>o<\/sup> 1<\/em>, op. 23, premier mouvement, cadence du piano <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tchaikovsky_-_Piano_Concerto_No._1_(first_movement_cadenza).ogg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Madame von Meck et la crise de 1877<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Nadezhda_von_Meck.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e3\/Nadezhda_von_Meck.jpeg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Nadejda von Meck\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>Nadejda von Meck<\/strong>, protectrice et confidente de Tcha\u00efkovski. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Nadezhda_von_Meck.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L\u2019ann\u00e9e 1877 bouleverse sa vie. Une riche veuve, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nadejda_von_Meck\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nadejda von Meck<\/a>, admiratrice passionn\u00e9e, lui verse une pension qui lui permet de quitter le conservatoire et de se consacrer \u00e0 la composition ; ils \u00e9changeront plus de 1 200 lettres pendant quatorze ans, \u00e0 la condition de ne jamais se rencontrer. La m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, Tcha\u00efkovski, qui cache son homosexualit\u00e9 dans une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui la condamne, \u00e9pouse pr\u00e9cipitamment une ancienne \u00e9l\u00e8ve, Antonina Milioukova : le mariage tourne au d\u00e9sastre en quelques semaines, et il s\u2019enfuit en Suisse et en Italie. De cette crise naissent la <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Symphonie_no_4_de_Tcha%C3%AFkovski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Symphonie no 4 de Tcha\u00efkovski<\/a><\/em>, d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00ab \u00e0 ma meilleure amie \u00bb, l\u2019op\u00e9ra <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eug%C3%A8ne_On%C3%A9guine_(op%C3%A9ra)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eug\u00e8ne On\u00e9guine<\/a><\/em> d\u2019apr\u00e8s Pouchkine (1879) et le <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Concerto_pour_violon_de_Tcha%C3%AFkovski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Concerto pour violon<\/a><\/em> (1878).<\/p>\n<h3>La gloire internationale (1878-1892)<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"opa-fig\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Klin._Tchaikovsky_State_House-Museum._Main_house_P8120380_2800.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5c\/Klin._Tchaikovsky_State_House-Museum._Main_house_P8120380_2800.jpg\/1920px-Klin._Tchaikovsky_State_House-Museum._Main_house_P8120380_2800.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Maison de Tcha\u00efkovski \u00e0 Kline\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>La maison de Tcha\u00efkovski \u00e0 Kline<\/strong>, pr\u00e8s de Moscou, o\u00f9 il v\u00e9cut ses derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es ; aujourd\u2019hui mus\u00e9e. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Klin._Tchaikovsky_State_House-Museum._Main_house_P8120380_2800.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Devenu le compositeur russe le plus jou\u00e9 en Europe, Tcha\u00efkovski voyage sans cesse et dirige lui-m\u00eame ses \u0153uvres. Il compose l\u2019<em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ouverture_1812\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ouverture solennelle 1812<\/a><\/em> (1880), avec ses coups de canon et ses cloches c\u00e9l\u00e9brant la retraite de Napol\u00e9on, la <em>S\u00e9r\u00e9nade pour cordes<\/em>, la symphonie <em>Manfred<\/em>, la <em>Cinqui\u00e8me Symphonie<\/em> (1888), l\u2019op\u00e9ra <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Dame_de_pique_(op%C3%A9ra)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Dame de pique<\/a><\/em> (1890) et, pour le th\u00e9\u00e2tre Mariinsky, les ballets <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_Belle_au_bois_dormant_(ballet)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Belle au bois dormant<\/a><\/em> (1890) et <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Casse-Noisette\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Casse-Noisette<\/a><\/em> (1892), o\u00f9 il fait entendre pour la premi\u00e8re fois le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/c%C3%A9lesta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">c\u00e9lesta<\/a>, d\u00e9couvert \u00e0 Paris, dans la <em>Danse de la F\u00e9e Drag\u00e9e<\/em>. En 1891, il inaugure \u00e0 New York le <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carnegie_Hall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carnegie Hall<\/a>. En 1890, Madame von Meck rompt brutalement leur relation, ce qui le blesse profond\u00e9ment.<\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio\"><audio controls preload=\"none\" style=\"width:100%\"><source src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d1\/Dance_of_the_Sugar_Plum_Fairy_%28ISRC_USUAN1100625%29.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio-cap\">Tcha\u00efkovski, <em>Casse-Noisette<\/em> : <em>Danse de la F\u00e9e Drag\u00e9e<\/em> <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Dance_of_the_Sugar_Plum_Fairy_(ISRC_USUAN1100625).mp3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 3.0)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>La Path\u00e9tique et la mort (1893)<\/h3>\n<p>En 1893, l\u2019universit\u00e9 de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Universit%C3%A9_de_Cambridge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cambridge<\/a> le fait docteur honoris causa. Le 28 octobre, il dirige \u00e0 Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg la cr\u00e9ation de sa <em><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Symphonie_no_6_de_Tcha%C3%AFkovski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Symphonie no 6 de Tcha\u00efkovski<\/a><\/em>, la \u00ab Path\u00e9tique \u00bb, qu\u2019il consid\u00e8re comme sa meilleure \u0153uvre et qui s\u2019ach\u00e8ve, contre toutes les r\u00e8gles, par un adagio qui s\u2019\u00e9teint dans le silence. Neuf jours plus tard, le 6 novembre 1893, il meurt, officiellement du chol\u00e9ra contract\u00e9 en buvant de l\u2019eau non bouillie ; les circonstances de sa mort ont fait na\u00eetre des hypoth\u00e8ses que les historiens continuent de discuter. Il est enterr\u00e9 au cimeti\u00e8re Tikhvine du <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Laure_Alexandre-Nevski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">monast\u00e8re Saint-Alexandre-Nevski<\/a> de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg. Le conservatoire de Moscou et le grand concours international qui s\u2019y tient portent son nom.<\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio\"><audio controls preload=\"none\" style=\"width:100%\"><source src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/03\/Peter_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky-Swan_Lake-_Extract_from_Act_3.ogg\"><source src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/03\/Peter_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky-Swan_Lake-_Extract_from_Act_3.ogg\/Peter_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky-Swan_Lake-_Extract_from_Act_3.ogg.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<div class=\"opa-audio-cap\">Tcha\u00efkovski, <em>Le Lac des cygnes<\/em>, extrait de l\u2019acte III <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Peter_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky-Swan_Lake-_Extract_from_Act_3.ogg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Chronologie<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li><strong>1840<\/strong> \u2014 naissance \u00e0 Votkinsk, le 7 mai<\/li>\n<li><strong>1854<\/strong> \u2014 mort de sa m\u00e8re<\/li>\n<li><strong>1859<\/strong> \u2014 fonctionnaire au minist\u00e8re de la Justice<\/li>\n<li><strong>1862<\/strong> \u2014 entre au Conservatoire de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg<\/li>\n<li><strong>1866<\/strong> \u2014 professeur au Conservatoire de Moscou ; <em>Symphonie n<sup>o<\/sup> 1<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1869<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Rom\u00e9o et Juliette<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1875<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Concerto pour piano n<sup>o<\/sup> 1<\/em> cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 Boston<\/li>\n<li><strong>1877<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Le Lac des cygnes<\/em> ; mariage malheureux ; d\u00e9but de la correspondance avec Mme von Meck<\/li>\n<li><strong>1878<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Concerto pour violon<\/em> ; <em>Symphonie n<sup>o<\/sup> 4<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1879<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Eug\u00e8ne On\u00e9guine<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1880<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Ouverture 1812<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1890<\/strong> \u2014 <em>La Belle au bois dormant<\/em> ; <em>La Dame de pique<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1891<\/strong> \u2014 inauguration du Carnegie Hall \u00e0 New York<\/li>\n<li><strong>1892<\/strong> \u2014 <em>Casse-Noisette<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>1893<\/strong> \u2014 docteur de Cambridge ; <em>Path\u00e9tique<\/em> (28 octobre) ; mort \u00e0 Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg, le 6 novembre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0152uvres majeures<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-chrono\">\n<li>Les ballets <em>Le Lac des cygnes<\/em> (1877), <em>La Belle au bois dormant<\/em> (1890), <em>Casse-Noisette<\/em> (1892)<\/li>\n<li>6 symphonies, dont la <em>Quatri\u00e8me<\/em>, la <em>Cinqui\u00e8me<\/em> et la <em>Sixi\u00e8me \u00ab Path\u00e9tique \u00bb<\/em> ; la symphonie <em>Manfred<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Le <em>Concerto pour piano n<sup>o<\/sup> 1<\/em> et le <em>Concerto pour violon<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Les op\u00e9ras <em>Eug\u00e8ne On\u00e9guine<\/em> et <em>La Dame de pique<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Rom\u00e9o et Juliette<\/em>, <em>Francesca da Rimini<\/em>, <em>Ouverture 1812<\/em>, <em>Capriccio italien<\/em><\/li>\n<li>La <em>S\u00e9r\u00e9nade pour cordes<\/em>, les <em>Variations sur un th\u00e8me rococo<\/em> pour violoncelle<\/li>\n<li><em>Les Saisons<\/em> pour piano<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Galerie<\/h3>\n<div class=\"opa-gal\">\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tchaikovsky_in_1863.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f2\/Tchaikovsky_in_1863.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled\" alt=\"Tcha\u00efkovski jeune\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>Tcha\u00efkovski<\/strong> en 1863, \u00e9tudiant au conservatoire. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tchaikovsky_in_1863.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, Public domain)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Hall_Moscow_Conservatory_2024_03.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/39\/Great_Hall_Moscow_Conservatory_2024_03.jpg\/1920px-Great_Hall_Moscow_Conservatory_2024_03.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Conservatoire de Moscou\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>La Grande Salle du Conservatoire Tcha\u00efkovski de Moscou<\/strong>. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Great_Hall_Moscow_Conservatory_2024_03.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Carnegie_Hall_-_Full_(48155558466).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/26\/Carnegie_Hall_-_Full_%2848155558466%29.jpg\/1920px-Carnegie_Hall_-_Full_%2848155558466%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Carnegie Hall\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>Le Carnegie Hall<\/strong> de New York, inaugur\u00e9 en 1891 en pr\u00e9sence de Tcha\u00efkovski. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Carnegie_Hall_-_Full_(48155558466).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Saint_petersbourg,_cimeti%C3%A8re_de_Tikhvin_Tombe_de_Piotr_Ilitch_Tcha%C3%AFkovski.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/15\/Saint_petersbourg%2C_cimeti%C3%A8re_de_Tikhvin_Tombe_de_Piotr_Ilitch_Tcha%C3%AFkovski.jpg\/1920px-Saint_petersbourg%2C_cimeti%C3%A8re_de_Tikhvin_Tombe_de_Piotr_Ilitch_Tcha%C3%AFkovski.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&#038;utm_campaign=imageinfo&#038;utm_content=thumbnail\" alt=\"Tombe de Tcha\u00efkovski\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/a><figcaption><strong>La tombe de Tcha\u00efkovski<\/strong> au cimeti\u00e8re Tikhvine, Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg. <span style=\"opacity:.75\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Saint_petersbourg,_cimeti%C3%A8re_de_Tikhvin_Tombe_de_Piotr_Ilitch_Tcha%C3%AFkovski.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00c0 voir et \u00e0 \u00e9couter<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Swan+Lake+Bolshoi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Lac des cygnes (Bolcho\u00ef)<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Nutcracker+Tchaikovsky+ballet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Casse-Noisette<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Tchaikovsky+Piano+Concerto+1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le Concerto pour piano n\u00b0 1<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=Tchaikovsky+Symphony+6+Pathetique\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La Symphonie Path\u00e9tique<\/a> (vid\u00e9os YouTube)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00c0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger (livres du domaine public, PDF)<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/download\/lifelettersofpet0000mode\/lifelettersofpet0000mode.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/a> \u2014 Modeste Tcha\u00efkovski, <em>The Life and Letters of Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky<\/em> : la biographie \u00e9crite par son fr\u00e8re. (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lifelettersofpet0000mode\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lire en ligne<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin en ligne<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-dl\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tchaikovsky-house.ru\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maison-mus\u00e9e Tcha\u00efkovski de Kline<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/imslp.org\/wiki\/Category:Tchaikovsky,_Pyotr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Partitions de Tcha\u00efkovski sur IMSLP<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pour aller plus loin<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"opa-biblio\">\n<li>Andr\u00e9 Lischke, <em>Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski<\/em>, Fayard, 1993.<\/li>\n<li>Nina Berberova, <em>Tcha\u00efkovski<\/em>, Actes Sud, 1987.<\/li>\n<li>Voir aussi <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-mouvements-de-la-musique\/\">Les grands mouvements de la musique<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-20-oeuvres-musicales-les-plus-celebres\/\">Les 20 \u0153uvres musicales les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-musique\/\">La Musique<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/le-monde-slave\/\">Le Monde slave<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image d&rsquo;en-t\u00eate : D\u00e9cor du IIe acte du Lac des cygnes (le lac au clair de lune) pour la production de Marius Petipa et Lev Ivanov au th\u00e9\u00e2tre Mariinsky de Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg, 1895 (Wikimedia Commons, Public domain) Soutenir mon travail \u00b7 Tout lire sans limite \u00b7 Mes livres Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe Aucun compositeur [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31492,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-31493","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie\u2026\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie\u2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-30T23:09:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2-1024x640.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/\",\"name\":\"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe - Orazio Puglisi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-30T23:07:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-30T23:09:23+00:00\",\"description\":\"Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie\u2026\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2.jpg\",\"width\":1860,\"height\":1162,\"caption\":\"D\u00e9cor du Lac des cygnes, 1895\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/\",\"name\":\"Oraziopuglisi.art\",\"description\":\"Le beau ! Quoi d&#039;autre ?\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c\",\"name\":\"Orazio Puglisi\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Orazio Puglisi\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe - Orazio Puglisi","description":"Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie\u2026","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe - Orazio Puglisi","og_description":"Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie\u2026","og_url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/","og_site_name":"Orazio Puglisi","article_modified_time":"2026-10-30T23:09:23+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":640,"url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2-1024x640.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/","url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/","name":"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), l\u2019\u00e2me russe - Orazio Puglisi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2.jpg","datePublished":"2026-10-30T23:07:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-30T23:09:23+00:00","description":"Aucun compositeur russe n\u2019est aussi aim\u00e9 dans le monde entier. Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski (1840-1893), homme d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 extr\u00eame et d\u2019une m\u00e9lancolie\u2026","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/lac-des-cygnes-1895-decor-acte-2.jpg","width":1860,"height":1162,"caption":"D\u00e9cor du Lac des cygnes, 1895"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/piotr-ilitch-tchaikovski\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Piotr Ilitch Tcha\u00efkovski"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#website","url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/","name":"Oraziopuglisi.art","description":"Le beau ! Quoi d&#039;autre ?","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#\/schema\/person\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#\/schema\/person\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c","name":"Orazio Puglisi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Orazio Puglisi"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/31493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31493"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/31493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31506,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/31493\/revisions\/31506"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}