{"id":30830,"date":"2026-10-27T15:00:53","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T14:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=9210"},"modified":"2026-10-27T15:00:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T14:00:53","slug":"john-james-audubon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/","title":{"rendered":"John James Audubon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/\">\u2190 Les grands dessinateurs de l&rsquo;histoire<\/a><\/p><p style=\"color:#8a6d3b;font-style:italic;font-size:1.1em;margin:.2em 0;\">1785 \u2013 1851 \u2014 \u00c9tats-Unis<\/p><p style=\"font-size:1.15em;margin:.2em 0 1em;\"><strong>Tous les oiseaux d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique, grandeur nature.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin:1.6em 0;text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\" alt=\"Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire (vers 1825), New-York Historical Society\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"display:block;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;max-height:620px;width:auto;height:auto;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.15);\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-size:.92em;color:#555;margin-top:.6em;font-style:italic;\">Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire (vers 1825), New-York Historical Society<br \/><span style=\"font-size:.85em;color:#888;font-style:normal;\">Image : domaine public, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:1.75;\">N\u00e9 en 1785 aux <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Les_Cayes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cayes<\/a>, dans la colonie fran\u00e7aise de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint-Domingue_(colonie_fran%C3%A7aise)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saint-Domingue<\/a>, l&rsquo;actuel <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ha%C3%AFti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ha\u00efti<\/a>, fils d&rsquo;un officier de marine fran\u00e7ais, Jean-Jacques <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_James_Audubon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Audubon<\/a> grandit en France avant de partir pour les \u00c9tats-Unis. Apr\u00e8s des affaires malheureuses, il se consacre \u00e0 un projet d\u00e9mesur\u00e9 : peindre grandeur nature tous les oiseaux d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique, qu&rsquo;il observe et dessine au cours de longs voyages \u00e0 travers le pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"margin:1.6em 0;text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/58\/The_birds_of_America._%28Livraison%29_1%2C_Plate_I%2C_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\/1920px-The_birds_of_America._%28Livraison%29_1%2C_Plate_I%2C_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\" alt=\"Le Dindon sauvage, planche I de The Birds of America (1827), Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"display:block;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;max-height:620px;width:auto;height:auto;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.15);\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-size:.92em;color:#555;margin-top:.6em;font-style:italic;\">Le Dindon sauvage, planche I de The Birds of America (1827), Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France<br \/><span style=\"font-size:.85em;color:#888;font-style:normal;\">Image : domaine public, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_birds_of_America._(Livraison)_1,_Plate_I,_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:1.75;\">Il fait graver son \u0153uvre en Grande-Bretagne. <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Birds_of_America\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Birds of America<\/a>, publi\u00e9 de 1827 \u00e0 1838, r\u00e9unit 435 planches grav\u00e9es et colori\u00e9es \u00e0 la main, au format immense dit \u00ab double \u00e9l\u00e9phant \u00bb, repr\u00e9sentant 497 esp\u00e8ces ; on le consid\u00e8re souvent comme le plus beau livre illustr\u00e9 jamais produit. Les 435 aquarelles pr\u00e9paratoires sont conserv\u00e9es \u00e0 la <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New-York_Historical_Society\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New-York Historical Society<\/a>. Ses m\u00e9thodes et certaines de ses affirmations scientifiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 contest\u00e9es, mais son \u0153uvre reste un monument de l&rsquo;art naturaliste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background:#f7f3ec;border-left:4px solid #8a6d3b;padding:.8em 1.1em;margin:1.4em 0;border-radius:3px;\"><strong>Sa technique :<\/strong> Aquarelle, pastel, mine de plomb et gouache ; planches grav\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;eau-forte et \u00e0 l&rsquo;aquatinte, colori\u00e9es \u00e0 la main.<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:1.6em;\">En vid\u00e9o<\/h3><figure style=\"margin:1.6em 0;\"><div style=\"position:relative;padding-top:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;border-radius:4px;\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/7_qDRpNwShI\" title=\"Comment The Birds of America d&#x27;Audubon a chang\u00e9 l&#x27;histoire naturelle (Sotheby&#x27;s)\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; fullscreen\" allowfullscreen loading=\"lazy\"><\/iframe><\/div><figcaption style=\"font-size:.92em;color:#555;text-align:center;margin-top:.5em;\">\ud83c\udfac Comment The Birds of America d&rsquo;Audubon a chang\u00e9 l&rsquo;histoire naturelle (Sotheby&rsquo;s) \u2014 <em>en anglais<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7_qDRpNwShI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u25b6 Regarder la vid\u00e9o sur YouTube<\/strong><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udcd6 Pour aller plus loin : <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_James_Audubon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">la biographie compl\u00e8te de John James Audubon sur Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 style=\"margin-top:2.2em;\">Catalogue des \u0153uvres<\/h2><p style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:1.7;\">Voici les 4 \u0153uvres de John James Audubon reproduites sur cette page : les deux premi\u00e8res illustrent le texte ci-dessus, les suivantes compl\u00e8tent ce petit mus\u00e9e. Chaque notice reprend les informations publi\u00e9es par l\u2019institution qui conserve l\u2019\u0153uvre (titre, date, technique, dimensions, num\u00e9ro d\u2019inventaire). Les dimensions sont donn\u00e9es en centim\u00e8tres, hauteur \u00d7 largeur. Lorsqu\u2019une information manque, c\u2019est qu\u2019elle ne figurait pas dans les sources consult\u00e9es.<\/p><div style=\"margin:2.4em 0 2em;padding-top:1.4em;border-top:1px solid #e3dccf;\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 .6em;font-size:.85em;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#8a6d3b;\">Cat. 1<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\" alt=\"Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire pour The Birds of America\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:900px;object-fit:contain;background:#f4f1ea;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.15);\" \/><\/a><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.93em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.9em;\"><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Artiste<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">John James Audubon (1785 \u2013 1851)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Titre<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\"><em>Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire pour The Birds of America<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Date<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">vers 1825 (aquarelle), grav\u00e9e en 1833<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Technique<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">aquarelle<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Dimensions (h \u00d7 l)<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">non pr\u00e9cis\u00e9es dans la notice<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Conservation<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">New York, New-York Historical Society<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Image<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">domaine public, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> (cliquez sur l\u2019image pour l\u2019agrandir)<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><div style=\"margin:2.4em 0 2em;padding-top:1.4em;border-top:1px solid #e3dccf;\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 .6em;font-size:.85em;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#8a6d3b;\">Cat. 2<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_birds_of_America._(Livraison)_1,_Plate_I,_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/58\/The_birds_of_America._%28Livraison%29_1%2C_Plate_I%2C_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\/1920px-The_birds_of_America._%28Livraison%29_1%2C_Plate_I%2C_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\" alt=\"Le Dindon sauvage, planche I de The Birds of America (gravure de W. H. Lizars)\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:900px;object-fit:contain;background:#f4f1ea;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.15);\" \/><\/a><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.93em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.9em;\"><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Artiste<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">John James Audubon (1785 \u2013 1851)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Titre<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\"><em>Le Dindon sauvage, planche I de The Birds of America (gravure de W. H. Lizars)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Date<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">1827<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Technique<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">gravure colori\u00e9e \u00e0 la main<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Dimensions (h \u00d7 l)<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">65 \u00d7 100 cm<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Conservation<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">Paris, Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Image<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">domaine public, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_birds_of_America._(Livraison)_1,_Plate_I,_Great_American_Cock_Male_%3B_Vulgo_Wild_Turkey_-_estampe_-_Drawn_by_J._J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_W._H._Lizars_Edin.r_-_btv1b53144013v.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> (cliquez sur l\u2019image pour l\u2019agrandir)<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><div style=\"margin:2.4em 0 2em;padding-top:1.4em;border-top:1px solid #e3dccf;\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 .6em;font-size:.85em;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#8a6d3b;\">Cat. 3<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_birds_of_America._(Livraison)_4,_Plate_19,_Louisiana_Water_Thrush_%3B_Plant_Vulgo_Indian_Turnip_-_estampe_-_Drawn_from_Nature_by_John_J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_R._Havell_jun.r_%3B_Printed_%26_Coloured_by_R._Havell..._-_btv1b531440416.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/99\/The_birds_of_America._%28Livraison%29_4%2C_Plate_19%2C_Louisiana_Water_Thrush_%3B_Plant_Vulgo_Indian_Turnip_-_estampe_-_Drawn_from_Nature_by_John_J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_R._Havell_jun.r_%3B_Printed_%26_Coloured_by_R._Havell..._-_btv1b531440416.jpg\/1920px-The_birds_of_America._%28Livraison%29_4%2C_Plate_19%2C_Louisiana_Water_Thrush_%3B_Plant_Vulgo_Indian_Turnip_-_estampe_-_Drawn_from_Nature_by_John_J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_R._Havell_jun.r_%3B_Printed_%26_Coloured_by_R._Havell..._-_btv1b531440416.jpg\" alt=\"Fauvette hochequeue de Louisiane, planche 19 de The Birds of America (gravure de Robert Havell)\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:900px;object-fit:contain;background:#f4f1ea;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.15);\" \/><\/a><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.93em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.9em;\"><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Artiste<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">John James Audubon (1785 \u2013 1851)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Titre<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\"><em>Fauvette hochequeue de Louisiane, planche 19 de The Birds of America (gravure de Robert Havell)<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Date<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">1827<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Technique<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">gravure colori\u00e9e \u00e0 la main<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Dimensions (h \u00d7 l)<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">65 \u00d7 100 cm<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Conservation<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">Paris, Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Image<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">domaine public, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_birds_of_America._(Livraison)_4,_Plate_19,_Louisiana_Water_Thrush_%3B_Plant_Vulgo_Indian_Turnip_-_estampe_-_Drawn_from_Nature_by_John_J._Audubon_%3B_Engraved_by_R._Havell_jun.r_%3B_Printed_%26_Coloured_by_R._Havell..._-_btv1b531440416.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> (cliquez sur l\u2019image pour l\u2019agrandir)<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><div style=\"margin:2.4em 0 2em;padding-top:1.4em;border-top:1px solid #e3dccf;\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 .6em;font-size:.85em;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#8a6d3b;\">Cat. 4<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:American_flamingo_Ph%C5%93nicopterus_ruber,_Linn._Old_male_c.1_v.4_plate_431_-_DPLA_-_6f1b47881dd8e7023471325ff307eb20_(page_1).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a8\/American_flamingo_Ph%C5%93nicopterus_ruber%2C_Linn._Old_male_c.1_v.4_plate_431_-_DPLA_-_6f1b47881dd8e7023471325ff307eb20_%28page_1%29.jpg\/1920px-American_flamingo_Ph%C5%93nicopterus_ruber%2C_Linn._Old_male_c.1_v.4_plate_431_-_DPLA_-_6f1b47881dd8e7023471325ff307eb20_%28page_1%29.jpg\" alt=\"Flamant rouge, planche 431 de The Birds of America\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:900px;object-fit:contain;background:#f4f1ea;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 2px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.15);\" \/><\/a><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.93em;line-height:1.5;margin-top:.9em;\"><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Artiste<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">John James Audubon (1785 \u2013 1851)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Titre<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\"><em>Flamant rouge, planche 431 de The Birds of America<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Date<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">1838<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Technique<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">gravure colori\u00e9e \u00e0 la main<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Dimensions (h \u00d7 l)<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">non pr\u00e9cis\u00e9es dans la notice<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Conservation<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">Boston Public Library<\/td><\/tr><tr><th style=\"text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.35em .8em .35em 0;color:#8a6d3b;font-weight:normal;width:34%;white-space:nowrap;\">Image<\/th><td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding:.35em 0;\">domaine public, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:American_flamingo_Ph%C5%93nicopterus_ruber,_Linn._Old_male_c.1_v.4_plate_431_-_DPLA_-_6f1b47881dd8e7023471325ff307eb20_(page_1).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a> (cliquez sur l\u2019image pour l\u2019agrandir)<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr style=\"border:0;border-top:1px solid #ddd;margin:2em 0 1em;\" \/><div style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:1em;flex-wrap:wrap;\"><a style=\"display:inline-block;padding:.5em 1em;border:1px solid #8a6d3b;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;color:#8a6d3b;\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/guaman-poma-de-ayala\/\">\u2190 Guam\u00e1n Poma de Ayala<\/a><a style=\"display:inline-block;padding:.5em 1em;border:1px solid #8a6d3b;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;color:#8a6d3b;\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/\">Sommaire<\/a><a style=\"display:inline-block;padding:.5em 1em;border:1px solid #8a6d3b;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;color:#8a6d3b;\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/winslow-homer\/\">Winslow Homer \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2190 Les grands dessinateurs de l&rsquo;histoire 1785 \u2013 1851 \u2014 \u00c9tats-Unis Tous les oiseaux d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique, grandeur nature. Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire (vers 1825), New-York Historical SocietyImage : domaine public, via Wikimedia Commons N\u00e9 en 1785 aux Cayes, dans la colonie fran\u00e7aise de Saint-Domingue, l&rsquo;actuel Ha\u00efti, fils d&rsquo;un officier de marine fran\u00e7ais, Jean-Jacques Audubon grandit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9100,"menu_order":110,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-30830","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>John James Audubon - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"John James Audubon - Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u2190 Les grands dessinateurs de l&rsquo;histoire 1785 \u2013 1851 \u2014 \u00c9tats-Unis Tous les oiseaux d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique, grandeur nature. Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire (vers 1825), New-York Historical SocietyImage : domaine public, via Wikimedia Commons N\u00e9 en 1785 aux Cayes, dans la colonie fran\u00e7aise de Saint-Domingue, l&rsquo;actuel Ha\u00efti, fils d&rsquo;un officier de marine fran\u00e7ais, Jean-Jacques Audubon grandit [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Orazio Puglisi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/\",\"name\":\"John James Audubon - Orazio Puglisi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/upload.wikimedia.org\\\/wikipedia\\\/commons\\\/thumb\\\/d\\\/de\\\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\\\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-27T14:00:53+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/upload.wikimedia.org\\\/wikipedia\\\/commons\\\/thumb\\\/d\\\/de\\\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\\\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/upload.wikimedia.org\\\/wikipedia\\\/commons\\\/thumb\\\/d\\\/de\\\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\\\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/john-james-audubon\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Les grands dessinateurs de l&rsquo;histoire\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/index.php\\\/les-grands-dessinateurs\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"John James Audubon\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/\",\"name\":\"Oraziopuglisi.art\",\"description\":\"Le beau ! Quoi d&#039;autre ?\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c\",\"name\":\"Orazio Puglisi\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Orazio Puglisi\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/oraziopuglisi.art\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"John James Audubon - Orazio Puglisi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"John James Audubon - Orazio Puglisi","og_description":"\u2190 Les grands dessinateurs de l&rsquo;histoire 1785 \u2013 1851 \u2014 \u00c9tats-Unis Tous les oiseaux d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique, grandeur nature. Perruches de Caroline, aquarelle pr\u00e9paratoire (vers 1825), New-York Historical SocietyImage : domaine public, via Wikimedia Commons N\u00e9 en 1785 aux Cayes, dans la colonie fran\u00e7aise de Saint-Domingue, l&rsquo;actuel Ha\u00efti, fils d&rsquo;un officier de marine fran\u00e7ais, Jean-Jacques Audubon grandit [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/","og_site_name":"Orazio Puglisi","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/","url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/","name":"John James Audubon - Orazio Puglisi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg","datePublished":"2026-10-27T14:00:53+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\/1920px-AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/john-james-audubon\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Les grands dessinateurs de l&rsquo;histoire","item":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/les-grands-dessinateurs\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"John James Audubon"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#website","url":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/","name":"Oraziopuglisi.art","description":"Le beau ! Quoi d&#039;autre ?","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#\/schema\/person\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/#\/schema\/person\/25fc9286c60d24f18b651edcc5903c4c","name":"Orazio Puglisi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Orazio Puglisi"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b6db1b0cfae43195d5bb3bc41143b8ea702115830550a54531b37cf0fb97e1f6?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30830"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30853,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30830\/revisions\/30853"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9100"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}