{"id":21123,"date":"2025-12-25T23:55:47","date_gmt":"2025-12-25T22:55:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=21123"},"modified":"2025-12-26T00:11:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-25T23:11:26","slug":"halaesa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/halaesa\/","title":{"rendered":"Halaesa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Image mise en avant :<\/strong> Halaesa fouilles<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa\">Halaesa<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Halaesa Archonidea\u00a0<\/b>ou\u00a0<b>Halaisa archonidienne<\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>\u00a0est un\u00a0<a title=\"Site arch\u00e9ologique\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Site_arch%C3%A9ologique\">site arch\u00e9ologique<\/a>\u00a0de\u00a0<a title=\"Sicile\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicile\">Sicile<\/a>, situ\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0<a title=\"Tusa (Messine)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tusa_(Messine)\">Tusa<\/a>. C&rsquo;est une ancienne cit\u00e9 grecque, sise entre\u00a0<a title=\"Cefal\u00f9\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cefal%C3%B9\">Cephaloedium<\/a>\u00a0et\u00a0<a class=\"new\" title=\"Kal\u00e9 Act\u00e9 (page inexistante)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Kal%C3%A9_Act%C3%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Kal\u00e9 Act\u00e9<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udffa Halaesa \ud83c\udffa #1 : L&#039;histoire du site\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mphNukEzOvU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udffa Halaesa \ud83c\udffa #2 : Halaesa et les guerres puniques\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iEe1BTueEYo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udffa Halaesa \ud83c\udffa #3 : L&#039;agora d&#039;Halaesa\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/f9P193_GOmk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udffa Halaesa \ud83c\udffa #4 : L&#039;\u00e9pigraphie d&#039;Halaesa\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/PV6lvfS2oJA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udffa Halaesa \ud83c\udffa #5 : La maison \u00e0 p\u00e9ristyle: les cultes domestiques\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ypUNvg3nGB4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2 id=\"Histoire\">Histoire<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La cit\u00e9 est fond\u00e9e en\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"-403\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/-403\">-403<\/a>\u00a0par le prince\u00a0<a title=\"Sicules (Sicile)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sicules_(Sicile)\">sicule<\/a>\u00a0hell\u00e9nis\u00e9\u00a0<a class=\"new\" title=\"Archonid\u00e8s (page inexistante)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Archonid%C3%A8s&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Archonid\u00e8s<\/a>\u00a0qui quitte\u00a0<a class=\"new\" title=\"Herbita (page inexistante)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Herbita&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Herbita<\/a>\u00a0apr\u00e8s avoir conclu une paix avec\u00a0<a title=\"Denys l'Ancien\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Denys_l%27Ancien\">Denys l&rsquo;Ancien<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-leveque_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-leveque-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>. Elle \u00e9tait \u00e9difi\u00e9e pr\u00e8s de la rivi\u00e8re Alaesus. Les premiers colons sont des habitants d&rsquo;Herbita et des mercenaires et \u00e9trangers oppos\u00e9s \u00e0 Denys<sup id=\"cite_ref-smith_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-smith-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La ville se d\u00e9veloppe aux \u00e9poques hell\u00e9nistique et romaine gr\u00e2ce au commerce maritime<sup id=\"cite_ref-leveque_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-leveque-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>. Au d\u00e9but de la\u00a0<a title=\"Premi\u00e8re guerre punique\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premi%C3%A8re_guerre_punique\">premi\u00e8re guerre punique<\/a>, elle est l&rsquo;une des premi\u00e8res villes siciliennes \u00e0 s&rsquo;allier aux\u00a0<a title=\"Rome antique\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rome_antique\">Romains<\/a>, obtenant ainsi des nouveaux maitres de l&rsquo;\u00eele de conserver ses propres lois et son ind\u00e9pendance, exon\u00e9r\u00e9e de toute imposition, comme les quatre autres\u00a0<i>civitates liberae et immunes<\/i>\u00a0de Sicile. Ville prosp\u00e8re sous la\u00a0<a title=\"R\u00e9publique romaine\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%A9publique_romaine\">R\u00e9publique romaine<\/a>, qui en appelle \u00e0\u00a0<a title=\"Caius Claudius Pulcher (consul en -92)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caius_Claudius_Pulcher_(consul_en_-92)\">Caius Claudius Pulcher<\/a>\u00a0en\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"-95\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/-95\">-95<\/a>\u00a0pour trancher un diff\u00e9rend politique, elle est spoli\u00e9e par\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Verres\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Verres\">Verres<\/a>\u00a0puis d\u00e9cline jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 devenir une ville municipale ordinaire \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque d&rsquo;Auguste.\u00a0<a title=\"Strabon\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strabon\">Strabon<\/a>\u00a0l&rsquo;\u00e9voque, Pline la cite parmi les \u00abstipendiariae civitates\u00bb de Sicile<sup id=\"cite_ref-smith_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-smith-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 le si\u00e8ge d&rsquo;<a class=\"new\" title=\"Dioc\u00e8se d'Alesa (page inexistante)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Dioc%C3%A8se_d%27Alesa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">un dioc\u00e8se<\/a>, entre le\u00a0<a title=\"VIIe si\u00e8cle\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/VIIe_si%C3%A8cle\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"7\u1d49 si\u00e8cle\"><span class=\"romain\">VII<\/span><sup>e<\/sup><\/abbr>\u00a0si\u00e8cle<\/a>\u00a0et le\u00a0<a title=\"Xe si\u00e8cle\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xe_si%C3%A8cle\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"10\u1d49 si\u00e8cle\"><span class=\"romain\">X<\/span><sup>e<\/sup><\/abbr>\u00a0si\u00e8cle<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2 id=\"Arch\u00e9ologie\"><span id=\"Arch.C3.A9ologie\"><\/span>Arch\u00e9ologie<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La localisation du site a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendue complexe par les divergences entre les \u00e9crits de Strabon, l&rsquo;itin\u00e9raire et la Tabula.\u00a0<a title=\"Philip Cluwer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philip_Cluwer\">Philip Cluwer<\/a>\u00a0et\u00a0<a title=\"Gabriele di Torremuzza\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gabriele_di_Torremuzza\">Torremuzza<\/a>\u00a0l&rsquo;identifient pr\u00e8s de l&rsquo;ancienne \u00e9glise Santa Maria delle Palate, pr\u00e8s de Tusa, surplombant la rivi\u00e8re\u00a0<a title=\"Pettineo\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pettineo\">Pettineo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a title=\"Tommaso Fazello\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tommaso_Fazello\">Tommaso Fazello<\/a>\u00a0d\u00e9crit des ruines s&rsquo;\u00e9tendant du bord de mer, avec les restes d&rsquo;un grand b\u00e2timent qui pourrait \u00eatre des thermes, jusqu&rsquo;au sommet d&rsquo;une colline \u00e0 plus d&rsquo;un kilom\u00e8tre du rivage, sur laquelle se trouvaient les restes de la citadelle. Il note aussi des inscriptions mentionnant Alaesa, ainsi qu&rsquo;une grande fontaine situ\u00e9e 5 kilom\u00e8tres plus loin \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur des terres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Des fouilles modernes ont mis au jour une portion de l&rsquo;enceinte et les contreforts qui soutiennent l\u2019acropole avec deux temples hell\u00e9nistiques, ainsi que le plan en damier de la cit\u00e9<sup id=\"cite_ref-leveque_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-leveque-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>. Il existe \u00e9galement des vestiges de l&rsquo;aqueduc, des fragments de statues et des pi\u00e8ces<sup id=\"cite_ref-smith_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-smith-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>. De nouvelles campagnes de fouilles ont mis au jour le th\u00e9\u00e2tre, officiellement reconnu en 2018 et toujours en cours de d\u00e9gagement<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Halaesa#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2 id=\"Notes_et_r\u00e9f\u00e9rences\"><span id=\"Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences\"><\/span>Notes et r\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"references-small decimal\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"reference-text\">On trouve \u00e9galement sous les formes Alaesa, Halaesinus, Halesa, Halesini, Alesa&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-leveque-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Pierre L\u00e9v\u00eaque, \u00ab\u00a0Les colonies chalcidiennes de la c\u00f4te septentrionale\u00a0\u00bb,\u00a0<i>La Sicile<\/i>, Presses Universitaires de France, 1989, p. 279-290.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-smith-3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"reference-text\"><span class=\"ouvrage\">\u00ab\u00a0<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:id=alaesa-geo\" rel=\"nofollow\"><cite>Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), ABACAENUM, ALAESA<\/cite><\/a><small class=\"cachelinks\">\u00a0[<a title=\"archive sur Wikiwix\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.wikiwix.com\/cache\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aid%3Dalaesa-geo\">archive<\/a>]<\/small>\u00a0\u00bb, sur\u00a0<span class=\"italique\">www.perseus.tufts.edu<\/span>\u00a0<small>(consult\u00e9 le\u00a0<time class=\"nowrap\" datetime=\"2020-04-27\" data-sort-value=\"2020-04-27\">27 avril 2020<\/time>)<\/small><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"reference-text\"><span id=\"2022\" class=\"ouvrage\">\u00ab\u00a0<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inrap.fr\/en-sicile-la-ville-antique-d-halaesa-sort-de-terre-15037#\" rel=\"nofollow\"><cite>Actualit\u00e9 | En Sicile, la ville antique d\u2019Halaesa sort de terre<\/cite><\/a><small class=\"cachelinks\">\u00a0[<a title=\"archive sur Wikiwix\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.wikiwix.com\/cache\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inrap.fr%2Fen-sicile-la-ville-antique-d-halaesa-sort-de-terre-15037%23\">archive<\/a>]<\/small>\u00a0\u00bb, sur\u00a0<span class=\"italique\">Inrap<\/span>,\u00a0<time class=\"nowrap\" datetime=\"2022-04-26\" data-sort-value=\"2022-04-26\">26 avril 2022<\/time>\u00a0<small>(consult\u00e9 le\u00a0<time class=\"nowrap\" datetime=\"2024-09-07\" data-sort-value=\"2024-09-07\">7 septembre 2024<\/time>)<\/small><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image mise en avant : Halaesa fouilles &nbsp; Halaesa Halaesa Archonidea\u00a0ou\u00a0Halaisa archonidienne[1]\u00a0est un\u00a0site arch\u00e9ologique\u00a0de\u00a0Sicile, situ\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0Tusa. C&rsquo;est une ancienne cit\u00e9 grecque, sise entre\u00a0Cephaloedium\u00a0et\u00a0Kal\u00e9 Act\u00e9. &nbsp; \u00a0 \u00a0 Histoire La cit\u00e9 est fond\u00e9e en\u00a0-403\u00a0par le prince\u00a0sicule\u00a0hell\u00e9nis\u00e9\u00a0Archonid\u00e8s\u00a0qui quitte\u00a0Herbita\u00a0apr\u00e8s avoir conclu une paix avec\u00a0Denys l&rsquo;Ancien[2]. Elle \u00e9tait \u00e9difi\u00e9e pr\u00e8s de la rivi\u00e8re Alaesus. Les premiers colons sont des [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21137,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-21123","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21123"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21139,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21123\/revisions\/21139"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}