{"id":12945,"date":"2024-09-16T11:21:48","date_gmt":"2024-09-16T09:21:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=12945"},"modified":"2024-09-16T14:31:45","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T12:31:45","slug":"le-xixe-siecle-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/le-xixe-siecle-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Le XIX\u00e8 Si\u00e8cle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Image mise en avant :<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Staunton contre Saint-Amant<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Une illustration de Jean Henri Marlet montre un match entre Howard Staunton et Pierre Charles Fournier Saint-Amant le 16 d\u00e9cembre 1843.<\/em><\/p>\n<form action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"QSSRVLDUKP2MG\" \/> <input title=\"PayPal - The safer, easier way to pay online!\" alt=\"Bouton Faites un don avec PayPal\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/FR\/i\/btn\/btn_donateCC_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/fr_FR\/i\/scr\/pixel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/fr_FR\/i\/scr\/pixel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/form>\n<form action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"KUYGR8EGYTG64\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Faire un don par Qr Code<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/xn--vidosechecsenligne-dwb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/QR-code.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-36569\" src=\"http:\/\/xn--vidosechecsenligne-dwb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/QR-code.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"192\" height=\"192\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Livres-Orazio-Puglisi\/s?rh=n%3A301061%2Cp_27%3AOrazio+Puglisi\">Achetez mes livres <\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Virement bancaire<\/p>\n<\/form>\n<form action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/cgi-bin\/webscr\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">IBAN FR81 2004 1010 0820 6402 0P02 955<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">BIC PSSTFRPPMAR<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">Orazio Puglisi<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\">06 14 35 15 52<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"mailto:oraziopuglisi@gmail.com\">oraziopuglisi@gmail.com<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><a href=\"mailto:puglisiorazio@wanadoo.fr\">puglisiorazio@wanadoo.fr<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section id=\"shopify-section-template--23409346740563__1663588804a76e38d1\" class=\"shopify-section section\">\n<div class=\"isolate page-width\">\n<div class=\"rich-text content-container color-background-1 gradient section-template--23409346740563__1663588804a76e38d1-padding\">\n<div class=\"rich-text__wrapper rich-text__wrapper--center\">\n<div class=\"rich-text__blocks left\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<strong>Le Premier Championnat du Monde d&rsquo;\u00c9checs<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"rich-text__text rte scroll-trigger animate--slide-in\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-cascade=\"\">Au XIXe si\u00e8cle, les \u00e9checs ont poursuivi leur marche triomphale et sont devenus le jeu pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 des citoyens. Les magazines d&rsquo;\u00e9checs relatent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les nouvelles strat\u00e9gies et tactiques et un nombre croissant de comp\u00e9titions et de tournois sont organis\u00e9s. Vers 1849, Nathaniel Cook cr\u00e9a ses c\u00e9l\u00e8bres dessins de pi\u00e8ces, qui furent ensuite officiellement adopt\u00e9s par la FIDE et sont utilis\u00e9s aujourd&rsquo;hui pour jouer aux \u00e9checs dans le monde entier. Pour d\u00e9courager les imitateurs et promouvoir la popularit\u00e9 des pi\u00e8ces, il a fait signer les certificats d&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 des jeux de pi\u00e8ces par le meilleur joueur de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque, Howard Staunton, et a m\u00eame donn\u00e9 son nom aux pi\u00e8ces : les pi\u00e8ces Staunton. C&rsquo;est \u00e9galement la premi\u00e8re fois qu&rsquo;est organis\u00e9 le championnat du monde d&rsquo;\u00e9checs, que Wilhelm Steinitz remporte contre Johannes Hermann Zukertort en 1886. Il conserve sa couronne jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce qu&rsquo;Emanuel Lasker lui ravisse le titre en 1894 et le d\u00e9fende ensuite en un temps record qui est toujours d&rsquo;actualit\u00e9. Ce n&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;en 1921, 27 ans apr\u00e8s sa victoire sur Steinitz, que Lasker s&rsquo;incline face \u00e0 Jos\u00e9 Ra\u00fal Capablanca lors du match du championnat du monde \u00e0 La Havane.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"shopify-section-template--23409346740563__16635888106a4033c7\" class=\"shopify-section section\">\n<div class=\"section-template--23409346740563__16635888106a4033c7-padding gradient color-background-1\">\n<div class=\"page-width\">\n<div class=\"image-with-text image-with-text--no-overlap isolate scroll-trigger animate--slide-in\">\n<div class=\"image-with-text__grid grid grid--gapless grid--1-col grid--2-col-tablet image-with-text__grid--reverse\">\n<div class=\"image-with-text__media-item image-with-text__media-item--medium image-with-text__media-item--top grid__item\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<form action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/cgi-bin\/webscr\" method=\"post\" target=\"_top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><input name=\"cmd\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"_s-xclick\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"B9KUAAXX2KE3G\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/i\/scr\/pixel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/form>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image mise en avant :\u00a0Staunton contre Saint-Amant Une illustration de Jean Henri Marlet montre un match entre Howard Staunton et Pierre Charles Fournier Saint-Amant le 16 d\u00e9cembre 1843. Faire un don par Qr Code Achetez mes livres &nbsp; &nbsp; Virement bancaire IBAN FR81 2004 1010 0820 6402 0P02 955 BIC PSSTFRPPMAR Orazio Puglisi 06 14 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13104,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12945","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12945"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13105,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12945\/revisions\/13105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}