{"id":11526,"date":"2024-08-26T15:05:14","date_gmt":"2024-08-26T13:05:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/?page_id=11526"},"modified":"2026-08-15T09:41:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T07:41:14","slug":"la-miniature","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-miniature\/","title":{"rendered":"La Miniature"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Image mise en avant : Miniaturistes\u00a0<a id=\"mwJA\" title=\"Empire ottoman\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_ottoman\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">ottomans<\/a>, entre 1595 et 1603.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)\">La Miniature<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section id=\"mwAQ\" data-mw-section-id=\"0\">\n<p id=\"mwDg\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Une\u00a0<b id=\"mwDw\">miniature<\/b>\u00a0est une\u00a0<a id=\"mwEA\" title=\"Peinture (art)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peinture_(art)\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">peinture<\/a>\u00a0figur\u00e9e ind\u00e9pendante, non attach\u00e9e \u00e0 une\u00a0<a id=\"mwEQ\" title=\"Lettrine\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lettrine\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">initiale<\/a>, servant \u00e0\u00a0<a id=\"mwEg\" title=\"Enluminure\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enluminure\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">enluminer<\/a>\u00a0un\u00a0<a id=\"mwEw\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Livre (document)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_(document)\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">livre<\/a>, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement\u00a0<a id=\"mwFA\" title=\"Manuscrit\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manuscrit\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">manuscrit<\/a>, et destin\u00e9e \u00e0 illustrer le texte<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" data-mw=\"{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ref&quot;,&quot;attrs&quot;:{},&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mw-reference-text-cite_note-1&quot;}}\"><a id=\"mwFQ\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_note-1\"><span id=\"mwFg\" class=\"mw-reflink-text\"><span id=\"mwFw\" class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>1<span id=\"mwGA\" class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"mwGQ\" class=\"reference cite_virgule\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;,&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:,&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">,<\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" data-mw=\"{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ref&quot;,&quot;attrs&quot;:{},&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mw-reference-text-cite_note-2&quot;}}\"><a id=\"mwGg\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_note-2\"><span id=\"mwGw\" class=\"mw-reflink-text\"><span id=\"mwHA\" class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span id=\"mwHQ\" class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"L&amp;apos;enluminure, un art fran\u00e7ais ! - Perles de Culture n\u00b0354 - TVL\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Y0plCYJ7pq8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section id=\"mwHw\" data-mw-section-id=\"1\" aria-labelledby=\"Historique\">\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\">\n<h2 id=\"Historique\">Historique<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<figure id=\"mwIA\" class=\"mw-default-size\"><a id=\"mwIQ\" class=\"mw-file-description\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ottoman_miniature_painters.jpg?uselang=fr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"mwIg\" class=\"mw-file-element aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ef\/Ottoman_miniature_painters.jpg\/250px-Ottoman_miniature_painters.jpg?utm_source=fr.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ef\/Ottoman_miniature_painters.jpg?utm_source=fr.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled 2x\" width=\"711\" height=\"577\" data-file-width=\"428\" data-file-height=\"348\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"mwIw\">\n<p>Miniaturistes\u00a0<a id=\"mwJA\" title=\"Empire ottoman\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empire_ottoman\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">ottomans<\/a>, entre 1595 et 1603.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"mwJQ\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le mot miniature vient du\u00a0<a id=\"mwJg\" title=\"Latin\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latin\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">latin<\/a>\u00a0<i id=\"mwJw\"><span id=\"mwKA\" class=\"lang-la\" lang=\"la\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;lang&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Lang&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;la&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;miniare&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">miniare<\/span><\/i>\u00a0qui signifie \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9crire au\u00a0<a id=\"mwKQ\" title=\"Minium\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minium\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">minium<\/a>\u00a0\u00bb. Au\u00a0<a id=\"mwKg\" title=\"Moyen \u00c2ge\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moyen_%C3%82ge\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Moyen \u00c2ge<\/a>, le\u00a0<a id=\"mwKw\" title=\"Calligraphie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calligraphie\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">calligraphe<\/a>\u00a0qui utilisait cet\u00a0<a id=\"mwLA\" title=\"Oxyde\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxyde\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">oxyde<\/a>\u00a0\u00e9tait appel\u00e9 en latin\u00a0<i id=\"mwLQ\"><span id=\"mwLg\" class=\"lang-la\" lang=\"la\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;lang&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Lang&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;la&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;miniator&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">miniator<\/span><\/i>. Lorsque cette pratique s&rsquo;est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e avec l&#8217;emploi de l&rsquo;<a id=\"mwLw\" title=\"Or\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Or\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">or<\/a>\u00a0et de l&rsquo;<a id=\"mwMA\" title=\"Argent\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argent\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">argent<\/a>\u00a0dans les\u00a0<a id=\"mwMQ\" title=\"Pigment\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pigment\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">pigments<\/a>, cet art devient celui de l&rsquo;<a id=\"mwMg\" title=\"Enluminure\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enluminure\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">enluminure<\/a>; le miniateur devient un enlumineur. Le\u00a0<a id=\"mwNA\" title=\"Minium\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minium\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">minium<\/a>\u00a0est un\u00a0<a id=\"mwNQ\" class=\"mw-disambig\" title=\"Oxyde de plomb\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxyde_de_plomb\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">oxyde de plomb<\/a>\u00a0servant de pigment\u00a0<a id=\"mwNg\" title=\"Vermillon\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vermillon\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">rouge vermillon<\/a>\u00a0pour tracer les lettres sur les manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s. Par extension, la miniature a d\u00e9sign\u00e9 l&rsquo;image r\u00e9alis\u00e9e dans les livres avec minutie. Elle se distingue ainsi des\u00a0<a id=\"mwNw\" title=\"Lettrine\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lettrine\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">lettrines<\/a>, bas de page et autres d\u00e9corations de marge.<\/p>\n<p id=\"mwOA\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les premiers manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s sont des rouleaux de\u00a0<a id=\"mwOQ\" title=\"Papyrus (papier)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Papyrus_(papier)\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">papyrus<\/a>\u00a0plus moins longs d\u2019<a id=\"mwOg\" title=\"\u00c9gypte antique\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89gypte_antique\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">\u00c9gypte antique<\/a>. Le\u00a0<i id=\"mwOw\"><a id=\"mwPA\" title=\"Livre des morts des Anciens \u00c9gyptiens\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_des_morts_des_Anciens_%C3%89gyptiens\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Livre des morts<\/a><\/i>\u00a0datant d\u2019environ 1275 av. J.-C. (aujourd&rsquo;hui au\u00a0<a id=\"mwPQ\" title=\"British Museum\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Museum\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">British Museum<\/a>) fait\u00a0<span id=\"mwPg\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Unit\u00e9&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Unit\u00e9&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;24&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;m\u00e8tres&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">24\u00a0m\u00e8tres<\/span>, tandis que le\u00a0<a id=\"mwPw\" title=\"Canon royal de Turin\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canon_royal_de_Turin\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">papyrus de Turin<\/a>\u00a0(1290 av. J.-C. \u2013 1224 av. J.-C.), mesure environ\u00a0<span id=\"mwQA\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Unit\u00e9&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Unit\u00e9&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;58&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;m\u00e8tres&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">58\u00a0m\u00e8tres<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"mwQQ\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Comme il reste peu de traces de l\u2019ancienne d\u00e9coration des papyrus de l\u2019<a id=\"mwQg\" title=\"Civilisation gr\u00e9co-romaine\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Civilisation_gr%C3%A9co-romaine\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">\u00e8re gr\u00e9co-romaine<\/a>, la reconstruction des origines de l\u2019histoire de la d\u00e9coration des textes \u00e9crits est toujours sujette \u00e0 incertitude. On sait que les papyrus avaient la forme de rouleaux car ils devaient \u00eatre d\u00e9roul\u00e9s peu \u00e0 peu. Les illustrations n\u2019\u00e9taient autres que de petites vignettes ou figures entrecoupant les colonnes de texte. Ces images soutenaient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les descriptions \u00e9crites ou la visualisation des \u00e9pisodes racont\u00e9s. En aucun cas, elles ne changeaient la pagination et la structure graphique du texte<sup id=\"cite_ref-D163_3-0\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" data-mw=\"{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ref&quot;,&quot;attrs&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;D163&quot;},&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mw-reference-text-cite_note-D163-3&quot;}}\"><a id=\"mwQw\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_note-D163-3\"><span id=\"mwRA\" class=\"mw-reflink-text\"><span id=\"mwRQ\" class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span id=\"mwRg\" class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup>. On conna\u00eet certes quelques fragments de rouleaux de la p\u00e9riode byzantine qui sembleraient des copies antiquisantes d\u2019exemples classiques, o\u00f9 l\u2019on observe une s\u00e9quence d\u2019illustrations accompagn\u00e9es de br\u00e8ves l\u00e9gendes. Dans ce dernier cas cependant, au lieu d\u2019\u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9es au texte, les images le remplacent.<\/p>\n<p id=\"mwRw\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Selon les th\u00e9ories de\u00a0<a id=\"mwSA\" title=\"Kurt Weitzmann\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurt_Weitzmann\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Kurt Weitzmann<\/a>, le changement structurel des manuscrits, qui s\u2019est produit entre le\u00a0<abbr id=\"mwSQ\" class=\"abbr\" title=\"premier\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ier&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Ier&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">I<sup>er<\/sup><\/abbr>\u00a0et le\u00a0<abbr id=\"mwSg\" class=\"abbr\" title=\"3\u1d49 si\u00e8cle\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;s-&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:S-&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;III&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\"><span class=\"romain\">III<\/span><sup>e<\/sup><\/abbr>\u00a0si\u00e8cle\u00a0avec le passage du rouleau de papyrus au\u00a0<a id=\"mwSw\" title=\"Codex\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codex\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">codex<\/a>\u00a0de\u00a0<a id=\"mwTA\" title=\"Parchemin\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parchemin\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">parchemin<\/a>, conduirait \u00e0 une organisation diff\u00e9rente du texte sur les pages et aurait jet\u00e9 les bases du d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019illustration des manuscrits.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/essentiels.bnf.fr\/fr\/mot-cle\/fe667440-d853-4f43-83d7-35cee0a37693-enluminure-et-miniature\">La miniature par Th\u00e8me<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"f7b9CB0NvQ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-miniature-persane\/\">La Miniature Persane<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0La Miniature Persane\u00a0\u00bb \u2014 Orazio Puglisi\" src=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-miniature-persane\/embed\/#?secret=YqDH7WAT1N#?secret=f7b9CB0NvQ\" data-secret=\"f7b9CB0NvQ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"BMoy1SLfZF\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-miniature-armenienne\/\">La miniature Arm\u00e9nienne<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u00ab\u00a0La miniature Arm\u00e9nienne\u00a0\u00bb \u2014 Orazio Puglisi\" src=\"https:\/\/oraziopuglisi.art\/index.php\/la-miniature-armenienne\/embed\/#?secret=Ncithx4pJ0#?secret=BMoy1SLfZF\" data-secret=\"BMoy1SLfZF\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udff0 Qu&amp;apos;est-ce qu&amp;apos;une enluminure m\u00e9di\u00e9vale ? D\u00e9couvrez l&amp;apos;art des lettrines et initiales | \u00c9pisode 1\/3\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ehFWvyI05DA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83d\uddbc\ufe0f Les Miniatures dans les Manuscrits Enlumin\u00e9s | \u00c9pisode 2\/3\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7j2B0XOb1as?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udfa8Qu&amp;apos;est-ce que l&amp;apos;enluminure ? Bordures, Cartouches et Dr\u00f4leries M\u00e9di\u00e9vales | \u00c9pisode 3\/3\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/97GHviihct0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\ud83c\udfa8Quels sont les styles en enluminure au travers des si\u00e8cles ? | \u00c9pisode 4\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/pxlkgvyG_YU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section id=\"mwTQ\" data-mw-section-id=\"2\" aria-labelledby=\"Patrimoine_culturel_immat\u00e9riel\">\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\">\n<h2 id=\"Patrimoine_culturel_immat\u00e9riel\">Patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"mwTg\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00abL&rsquo;art de la miniature\u00bb est inscrit sur la\u00a0<a id=\"mwUQ\" title=\"Liste repr\u00e9sentative du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l'humanit\u00e9\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Liste_repr%C3%A9sentative_du_patrimoine_culturel_immat%C3%A9riel_de_l'humanit%C3%A9\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">liste repr\u00e9sentative du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l&rsquo;humanit\u00e9<\/a>, \u00e0 l&rsquo;initiative de l&rsquo;<a id=\"mwUg\" title=\"Azerba\u00efdjan\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Azerba%C3%AFdjan\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Azerba\u00efdjan<\/a>, l&rsquo;<a id=\"mwUw\" title=\"Iran\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Iran<\/a>, l&rsquo;<a id=\"mwVA\" title=\"Ouzb\u00e9kistan\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ouzb%C3%A9kistan\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Ouzb\u00e9kistan<\/a>\u00a0et la\u00a0<a id=\"mwVQ\" title=\"Turquie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turquie\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Turquie<\/a>, par l&rsquo;UNESCO en\u00a0<time id=\"mwVg\" class=\"nowrap\" datetime=\"2020-12\" data-sort-value=\"2020-12\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;date&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Date&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;d\u00e9cembre&quot;},&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;2020&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">d\u00e9cembre 2020<\/time><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" data-mw=\"{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;ref&quot;,&quot;attrs&quot;:{},&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;mw-reference-text-cite_note-4&quot;}}\"><a id=\"mwVw\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_note-4\"><span id=\"mwWA\" class=\"mw-reflink-text\"><span id=\"mwWQ\" class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span id=\"mwWg\" class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Qu&amp;apos;est-ce que l&amp;apos;enluminure exactement ? Les miniatures 2\/3\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TXcfr3_d7-I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section id=\"mwXQ\" data-mw-section-id=\"3\" aria-labelledby=\"R\u00e9f\u00e9rences\">\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\">\n<h2 id=\"R\u00e9f\u00e9rences\"><span id=\"R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences\"><\/span>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"mwXg\" class=\"references-small decimal\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;R\u00e9f\u00e9rences&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:R\u00e9f\u00e9rences&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">\n<div id=\"mwXw\" class=\"mw-references-wrap\" data-mw=\"{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;references&quot;,&quot;attrs&quot;:{&quot;responsive&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;group&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;body&quot;:{&quot;extsrc&quot;:&quot;&quot;}}\">\n<ol id=\"mwYA\" class=\"mw-references references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"1\"><span id=\"mwYQ\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a id=\"mwYg\" title=\"Revenir plus haut\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_ref-1\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" aria-label=\"Revenir plus haut\"><\/a><\/span><span id=\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a id=\"mwZA\" class=\"mw-selflink-fragment\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#Brown1994\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;harvsp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Harvsp&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Brown&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1994&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">Brown 1994<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"2\"><span id=\"mwZQ\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a id=\"mwZg\" title=\"Revenir plus haut\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_ref-2\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" aria-label=\"Revenir plus haut\"><\/a><\/span><span id=\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-2\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a id=\"mwaA\" class=\"mw-selflink-fragment\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#Muzerelle1985\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;harvsp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Harvsp&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Muzerelle&quot;},&quot;2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1985&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">Muzerelle 1985<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-D163-3\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"3\"><span id=\"mwaQ\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a id=\"mwag\" title=\"Revenir plus haut\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_ref-D163_3-0\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" aria-label=\"Revenir plus haut\"><\/a><\/span><span id=\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-D163-3\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\">De Vecchi-Cerchiari,\u00a0<abbr id=\"mwbA\" class=\"abbr \" title=\"volume\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;vol.&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Vol.&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">vol.<\/abbr><span id=\"mwbQ\">\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"mwbg\">1<\/span>, cit.,\u00a0<abbr id=\"mwbw\" class=\"abbr\" title=\"page\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;p.&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:P.&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;163&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">p.<\/abbr><span id=\"mwcA\">\u00a0<\/span><span id=\"mwcQ\">163<\/span>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"4\"><span id=\"mwcg\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a id=\"mwcw\" title=\"Revenir plus haut\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_(enluminure)#cite_ref-4\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" aria-label=\"Revenir plus haut\"><\/a><\/span><span id=\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><span id=\"mwdQ\" class=\"ouvrage\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Lien web &quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Lien_web&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/fr\/RL\/l-art-de-la-miniature-01598&quot;},&quot;titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;L'art de la miniature&quot;},&quot;site&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;UNESCO&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\">\u00ab<span id=\"mwdg\">\u00a0<\/span><a id=\"mwdw\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/fr\/RL\/l-art-de-la-miniature-01598\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\"><cite id=\"mweA\">L&rsquo;art de la miniature<\/cite><\/a><small class=\"cachelinks\">\u00a0[<a title=\"archive sur Wikiwix\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.wikiwix.com\/cache\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Ffr%2FRL%2Fl-art-de-la-miniature-01598\">archive<\/a>]<\/small><span id=\"mweQ\">\u00a0<\/span>\u00bb, sur\u00a0<span id=\"mweg\" class=\"italique\">UNESCO<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"mwew\" data-mw-section-id=\"4\" aria-labelledby=\"Annexes\">\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\">\n<h2 id=\"Annexes\">Annexes<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets\">\n<p class=\"titre\">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"noarchive plainlinks\">\n<li class=\"commons\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Illuminations?uselang=fr\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink\">Miniature (enluminure)<\/a>, sur\u00a0<span class=\"project\">Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"mwfQ\" data-mw-section-id=\"5\" aria-labelledby=\"Bibliographie\">\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\">\n<h3 id=\"Bibliographie\">Bibliographie<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<ul id=\"mwfg\">\n<li id=\"mwfw\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fernand de M\u00e9ly,\u00a0<i id=\"mwgA\">Les primitifs et leurs signatures. Les miniaturistes<\/i>, Librairie PaulGeuthner, Paris, 1913\u00a0<a id=\"mwgQ\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/gri_33125002522353#page\/n9\/mode\/2up\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">(<i id=\"mwgg\">lire en ligne<\/i>)<\/a><small class=\"cachelinks\">\u00a0[<a title=\"archive sur Wikiwix\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.wikiwix.com\/cache\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fgri_33125002522353%23page%2Fn9%2Fmode%2F2up\">archive<\/a>]<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwgw\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"Brown1994\" class=\"ouvrage\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ouvrage&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Ouvrage&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;langue&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;en&quot;},&quot;pr\u00e9nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Michelle P.&quot;},&quot;nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Brown&quot;},&quot;titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;''Understanding Illuminated Manuscripts. A Guide to Technical Terms''&quot;},&quot;lieu&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Malibu et Londres&quot;},&quot;\u00e9diteur&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;J. Paul Getty Museum in association with the British Library&quot;},&quot;ann\u00e9e&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1994&quot;},&quot;pages totales&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;127&quot;},&quot;isbn&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;978-0-89236-217-2&quot;},&quot;lire en ligne&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=h-NFPVTseskC&amp;printsec=frontcover&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\"><span id=\"Michelle_P._Brown1994\" class=\"ouvrage\"><abbr class=\"abbr indicateur-langue\" title=\"Langue : anglais\">(en)<\/abbr>\u00a0Michelle P.\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">Brown<\/span>,\u00a0<cite class=\"italique\" lang=\"en\">Understanding Illuminated Manuscripts. A Guide to Technical Terms<\/cite>, Malibu et Londres, J. Paul Getty Museum in association with the British Library,\u00a0<time>1994<\/time>, 127\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"pages\">p.<\/abbr><small>(<a title=\"International Standard Book Number\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Standard_Book_Number\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">ISBN<\/a><a title=\"Sp\u00e9cial:Ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\/978-0-89236-217-2\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence\/978-0-89236-217-2\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\"><span class=\"nowrap\">978-0-89236-217-2<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=h-NFPVTseskC&amp;printsec=frontcover\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">lire en ligne<\/a><small class=\"cachelinks\">\u00a0[<a title=\"archive sur Wikiwix\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.wikiwix.com\/cache\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh-NFPVTseskC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover\">archive<\/a>]<\/small>)<\/small><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li id=\"mwhA\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"Muzerelle1985\" class=\"ouvrage\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ouvrage&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Ouvrage&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;pr\u00e9nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Denis&quot;},&quot;nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Muzerelle&quot;},&quot;titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Vocabulaire codicologique&quot;},&quot;sous-titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;r\u00e9pertoire m\u00e9thodique des termes fran\u00e7ais relatifs aux manuscrits&quot;},&quot;lieu&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Paris&quot;},&quot;\u00e9diteur&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;\u00e9ditions CEMI&quot;},&quot;collection&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Rubricae&quot;},&quot;num\u00e9ro dans collection&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&quot;ann\u00e9e&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1985&quot;},&quot;isbn&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;lire en ligne&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;http:\/\/codicologia.irht.cnrs.fr\/&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\"><span id=\"Denis_Muzerelle1985\" class=\"ouvrage\">Denis\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">Muzerelle<\/span>,\u00a0<cite class=\"italique\">Vocabulaire codicologique\u00a0: r\u00e9pertoire m\u00e9thodique des termes fran\u00e7ais relatifs aux manuscrits<\/cite>, Paris, \u00e9ditions CEMI,\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"collection\">coll.<\/abbr>\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Rubricae\u00a0\u00bb (<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"num\u00e9ro\">n<sup>o<\/sup><\/abbr>\u00a01),\u00a0<time>1985<\/time><small>(<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/codicologia.irht.cnrs.fr\/\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">lire en ligne<\/a><small class=\"cachelinks\">\u00a0[<a title=\"archive sur Wikiwix\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.wikiwix.com\/cache\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fcodicologia.irht.cnrs.fr%2F\">archive<\/a>]<\/small>)<\/small><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwhQ\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"de_Hamel1995\" class=\"ouvrage\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ouvrage&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Ouvrage&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;pr\u00e9nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Christopher&quot;},&quot;nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;de Hamel&quot;},&quot;lien auteur1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Christopher de Hamel&quot;},&quot;titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Une histoire des manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s&quot;},&quot;lieu&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Londres&quot;},&quot;\u00e9diteur&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Phaidon&quot;},&quot;ann\u00e9e&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1995&quot;},&quot;pages totales&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;272&quot;},&quot;isbn&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;978-0-7148-9037-1&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\"><span id=\"Christopher_de_Hamel1995\" class=\"ouvrage\"><a title=\"Christopher de Hamel\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christopher_de_Hamel\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Christopher\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">de Hamel<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<cite class=\"italique\">Une histoire des manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s<\/cite>, Londres, Phaidon,\u00a0<time>1995<\/time>, 272\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"pages\">p.<\/abbr><small>(<a title=\"International Standard Book Number\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Standard_Book_Number\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">ISBN<\/a><a title=\"Sp\u00e9cial:Ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\/978-0-7148-9037-1\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence\/978-0-7148-9037-1\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\"><span class=\"nowrap\">978-0-7148-9037-1<\/span><\/a>)<\/small><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwhg\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"De_VecchiCerchiari1996\" class=\"ouvrage\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ouvrage&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Ouvrage&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;langue&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;it&quot;},&quot;pr\u00e9nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Pierluigi&quot;},&quot;nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;De Vecchi&quot;},&quot;pr\u00e9nom2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Elda&quot;},&quot;nom2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Cerchiari&quot;},&quot;titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Arte nel tempo&quot;},&quot;sous-titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Dalla preistoria alla tarda antichit\u00e0&quot;},&quot;volume&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&quot;lieu&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Milan&quot;},&quot;\u00e9diteur&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Bompiani&quot;},&quot;ann\u00e9e&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;1996&quot;},&quot;pages totales&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;299&quot;},&quot;isbn&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;978-88-450-4218-8&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\"><span id=\"Pierluigi_De_VecchiElda_Cerchiari1996\" class=\"ouvrage\"><abbr class=\"abbr indicateur-langue\" title=\"Langue : italien\">(it)<\/abbr>\u00a0Pierluigi\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">De Vecchi<\/span>\u00a0et Elda\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">Cerchiari<\/span>,\u00a0<cite class=\"italique\" lang=\"it\">Arte nel tempo\u00a0: Dalla preistoria alla tarda antichit\u00e0<\/cite>,\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"volume\">vol.<\/abbr>\u00a01, Milan, Bompiani,\u00a0<time>1996<\/time>, 299\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"pages\">p.<\/abbr><small>(<a title=\"International Standard Book Number\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Standard_Book_Number\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">ISBN<\/a><a title=\"Sp\u00e9cial:Ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\/978-88-450-4218-8\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence\/978-88-450-4218-8\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\"><span class=\"nowrap\">978-88-450-4218-8<\/span><\/a>)<\/small><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<li id=\"mwhw\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span id=\"WaltherWolf2005\" class=\"ouvrage\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ouvrage&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Mod\u00e8le:Ouvrage&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;langue&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;fr&quot;},&quot;langue originale&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;de&quot;},&quot;pr\u00e9nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Ingo&quot;},&quot;nom1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Walther&quot;},&quot;pr\u00e9nom2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Norbert&quot;},&quot;nom2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Wolf&quot;},&quot;titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Codices illustres&quot;},&quot;sous-titre&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;les plus beaux manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s du monde, 400 \u00e0 1600&quot;},&quot;lieu&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Paris&quot;},&quot;\u00e9diteur&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;[[Taschen]]&quot;},&quot;ann\u00e9e&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;2005&quot;},&quot;pages totales&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;504&quot;},&quot;passage&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;493-494&quot;},&quot;isbn&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;3-8228-5963-X&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\"><span id=\"Ingo_WaltherNorbert_Wolf2005\" class=\"ouvrage\">Ingo\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">Walther<\/span>\u00a0et Norbert\u00a0<span class=\"nom_auteur\">Wolf<\/span>\u00a0(<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"traduction\">trad.<\/abbr>\u00a0de l&rsquo;allemand),\u00a0<cite class=\"italique\">Codices illustres\u00a0: les plus beaux manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s du monde, 400 \u00e0 1600<\/cite>, Paris,\u00a0<a title=\"Taschen\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taschen\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Taschen<\/a>,\u00a0<time>2005<\/time>, 504\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"pages\">p.<\/abbr><small>(<a title=\"International Standard Book Number\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Standard_Book_Number\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">ISBN<\/a><a title=\"Sp\u00e9cial:Ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\/3-8228-5963-X\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence\/3-8228-5963-X\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\"><span class=\"nowrap\">3-8228-5963-X<\/span><\/a>)<\/small>,\u00a0<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"pages\">p.<\/abbr><span class=\"nowrap\">493-494<\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Les enluminures ( art m\u00e9di\u00e9val )\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MHdPzCfBczA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section id=\"mwew\" data-mw-section-id=\"4\" aria-labelledby=\"Annexes\">\n<section id=\"mwiA\" data-mw-section-id=\"6\" aria-labelledby=\"Articles_annexes\">\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\">\n<h3 id=\"Articles_annexes\">Articles annexes<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<ul id=\"mwiQ\">\n<li id=\"mwig\"><a id=\"mwiw\" title=\"Miniature persane\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_persane\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Miniature persane<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwjA\"><a id=\"mwjQ\" title=\"Miniature arm\u00e9nienne\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miniature_arm%C3%A9nienne\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Miniature arm\u00e9nienne<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwjg\"><a id=\"mwjw\" title=\"Enluminure\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enluminure\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Enluminure<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwkA\"><a id=\"mwkQ\" title=\"Lettrine histori\u00e9e\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lettrine_histori%C3%A9e\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">Lettrine histori\u00e9e<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"mwkg\"><a id=\"mwkw\" title=\"\u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de peinture\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89cole_fran%C3%A7aise_de_peinture\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\">\u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de peinture<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image mise en avant : Miniaturistes\u00a0ottomans, entre 1595 et 1603. &nbsp; La Miniature &nbsp; Une\u00a0miniature\u00a0est une\u00a0peinture\u00a0figur\u00e9e ind\u00e9pendante, non attach\u00e9e \u00e0 une\u00a0initiale, servant \u00e0\u00a0enluminer\u00a0un\u00a0livre, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement\u00a0manuscrit, et destin\u00e9e \u00e0 illustrer le texte[1],[2]. &nbsp; &nbsp; Historique Miniaturistes\u00a0ottomans, entre 1595 et 1603. Le mot miniature vient du\u00a0latin\u00a0miniare\u00a0qui signifie \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9crire au\u00a0minium\u00a0\u00bb. Au\u00a0Moyen \u00c2ge, le\u00a0calligraphe\u00a0qui utilisait cet\u00a0oxyde\u00a0\u00e9tait appel\u00e9 en latin\u00a0miniator. Lorsque [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27116,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11526","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La Miniature - Orazio Puglisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une\u00a0miniature\u00a0est une\u00a0peinture\u00a0figur\u00e9e ind\u00e9pendante, non attach\u00e9e \u00e0 une\u00a0initiale, servant \u00e0\u00a0enluminer\u00a0un\u00a0livre, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement\u00a0manuscrit, et destin\u00e9e \u00e0 illustrer le texte. Le mot miniature vient du\u00a0latin\u00a0miniare\u00a0qui signifie \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9crire au\u00a0minium\u00a0\u00bb. 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Au\u00a0Moyen \u00c2ge, le\u00a0calligraphe\u00a0qui utilisait cet\u00a0oxyde\u00a0\u00e9tait appel\u00e9 en latin\u00a0miniator. Lorsque cette pratique s&#039;est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e avec l&#039;emploi de l&#039;or\u00a0et de l&#039;argent\u00a0dans les\u00a0pigments, cet art devient celui de l&#039;enluminure\u00a0; le miniateur devient un enlumineur. Le\u00a0minium\u00a0est un\u00a0oxyde de plomb\u00a0servant de pigment\u00a0rouge vermillon\u00a0pour tracer les lettres sur les manuscrits enlumin\u00e9s. Par extension, la miniature a d\u00e9sign\u00e9 l&#039;image r\u00e9alis\u00e9e dans les livres avec minutie. 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